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The 1918–1920 flu pandemic, also known as the Great Influenza epidemic or by the common misnomer Spanish flu, was an exceptionally deadly global influenza pandemic caused by the H1N1 subtype of the influenza A virus.
The Spanish flu first hit Philadelphia, through the Philadelphia Navy Yard, on September 19, 1918, from sailors who were returning from Europe. [1] The city of Philadelphia was in charge of raising $259 million for war time efforts and saw the parade as a way to raise those funds. [2]
The 1918 influenza pandemic has been declared, according to Barry's text, as the 'deadliest plague in history'. The extensiveness of this declaration can be supported through the following statements: "the greatest medical holocaust in history" [2] and "the pandemic ranks with the plague of Justinian and the Black Death as one of the three most destructive human epidemics". [3]
1918 influenza pandemic ('Spanish flu') 1918–1920 Worldwide Influenza A virus subtype H1N1: 17–100 million [187] [188] [189] 1918–1922 Russia typhus epidemic: 1918–1922 Russia: Typhus: 2–3 million [190] 1919–1930 encephalitis lethargica epidemic: 1919–1930 Worldwide Encephalitis lethargica: 500,000 [191] [192] [193]
James Niven (12 August 1851 – 30 September 1925) was a Scottish physician, perhaps best known for his work during the Spanish Flu outbreak in 1918 as Manchester's Medical Officer of Health. He held that position for 28 years (1894–1922), until he retired. He had previously been Oldham's Medical Officer of Health.
The 1918–1920 flu pandemic is commonly referred to as the Spanish flu, and caused millions of deaths worldwide. To maintain morale, wartime censors minimized early reports of illness and mortality in Germany , the United Kingdom , France , and the United States .
Rosalia Lombardo (13 December 1918 – 6 December 1920) [1] was a Palermitan child who died of pneumonia, resulting from the Spanish flu, [2] one week before her second birthday. Rosalia's father, Mario Lombardo, grieving her death, asked Alfredo Salafia , an embalmer , to preserve her remains. [ 3 ]
1918 (1985 film) F. Fatal Contact: Bird Flu in America; Flu (film) P. Post Mortem (2020 film) S. Spanish Flu: The Forgotten Fallen; The Stand (1994 miniseries)