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Parental alienation syndrome is a term coined by child psychiatrist Richard A. Gardner drawing upon his clinical experiences in the early 1980s. [2] [3] The concept of one parent attempting to separate their child from the other parent as punishment or part of a divorce have been described since at least the 1940s, [8] [9] but Gardner was the first to define a specific syndrome.
Although the rejected party's psychological and physical health may decline, the estrangement initiator's may improve due to the cessation of abuse and conflict. [8] [9] The social rejection in family estrangement is the equivalent of ostracism which undermines four fundamental human needs: the need to belong, the need for control in social situations, the need to maintain high levels of self ...
Estrangement between any two people is usually a last resort, says Williams-Abaku, but it may be necessary “after a gradual buildup of abuse, differing values, unresolved conflict, and boundary ...
Parental alienation is a theorized process through which a child becomes estranged from one parent as the result of the psychological manipulation of another parent. [1][2] The child's estrangement may manifest itself as fear, disrespect or hostility toward the distant parent, and may extend to additional relatives or parties. [3][4] The child ...
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Almost 70 million people in the U.S. report being estranged from a family member. Ghislain & Marie David de Lossy/Getty ImagesHolidays are often a time of strengthening family bonds and relationships.
Attachment and attachment disorder. Attachment theory is primarily an evolutionary and ethological theory. In relation to infants, it primarily consists of proximity seeking to an attachment figure in the face of threat, for the purpose of survival. [2] Although an attachment is a "tie", it is not synonymous with love and affection, despite ...
We detailed some common reasons for family estrangement below. Emotional or physical abuse: Past abuse, neglect, or abandonment can significantly contribute to the decision to distance oneself ...