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Fossilized stromatolites exhibit a variety of forms and structures, or morphologies, including conical, stratiform, domal, columnar, [13] and branching types. [14] Stromatolites occur widely in the fossil record of the Precambrian but are rare today. [15]
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Collenia are stromatolites made up of convex layers flattened in the center, forming columnar colonies. The microorganisms involved were likely photosynthetic bacteria expiring oxygen. The microorganisms involved were likely photosynthetic bacteria expiring oxygen.
Most archean stromatolites older than 3.0 Ga are found in Australia or South Africa. Stratiform stromatolites from the Pilbara Craton have been identified in the 3.47 Ga Mount Ada Basalt. [59] Barberton, South Africa hosts stratiform stromatolites in the 3.46 Hooggenoeg, 3.42 Kromberg and 3.33 Ga Mendon Formations of the Onverwacht Group.
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Its base is delimited by a stromatolite bed. Below the Guelph is the Eramosa Formation. This formation is typically a thinly laminated packstone and grainstone. There are stromatolite beds as well as corals preserved in this formation. Near the base the unit becomes vuggy. Again the top of this formation is marked by a sharp change between ...
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The Fig Tree Formation, also called Fig Tree Group, is a stromatolite-containing geological formation in South Africa. The rock contains fossils of microscopic life forms of about 3.26 billion years old. [1] Identified organisms include the bacterium Eobacterium isolatum and the algae-like Archaeosphaeroides barbertonensis.