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The pupil function or aperture function describes how a light wave is affected upon transmission through an optical imaging system such as a camera, microscope, or the human eye. More specifically, it is a complex function of the position in the pupil [ 1 ] or aperture (often an iris ) that indicates the relative change in amplitude and phase ...
As an example, the figure on the right shows the 3D point-spread function in object space of a wide-field microscope (a) alongside that of a confocal microscope (c). Although the same microscope objective with a numerical aperture of 1.49 is used, it is clear that the confocal point spread function is more compact both in the lateral dimensions ...
A lens is used to make a conventional image. An aperture in the image plane acts equivalently to the illumination in conventional ptychography, while the image corresponds to the specimen. The detector lies in the Fraunhofer or Fresnel diffraction plane downstream of the image and aperture. [18]
where α 0 is half the angle spanned by the objective lens seen from the sample, and n is the refractive index of the medium between the lens and specimen (≈1 for air). State-of-the-art objectives can have numerical apertures of up to 0.95. Because sin α 0 ≤ 1, the numerical aperture can never be greater than unity for an objective lens in ...
But the larger aperture will give the larger resolution. The following may be regarded as typical: [6] Largest aperture; necessary corrections are — for the axis point, and sine condition; errors of the field of view are almost disregarded; example — high-power microscope objectives.
In optics, the exit pupil is a virtual aperture in an optical system. Only rays which pass through this virtual aperture can exit the system. The exit pupil is the image of the aperture stop in the optics that follow it. In a telescope or compound microscope, this image is the image of the objective element(s) as produced by the eyepiece. The ...
The optical configuration for Fourier ptychography. Fourier ptychography is a computational imaging technique based on optical microscopy that consists in the synthesis of a wider numerical aperture from a set of full-field images acquired at various coherent illumination angles, [1] resulting in increased resolution compared to a conventional microscope.