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As with other cardiac procedures, mitral valve replacement is associated with risks, such as bleeding, infection, thromboembolism, renal shutdown, cardiac tamponade, stroke, or reaction to anesthesia. [28] The risk of death is about 1%. [29] Risks depend on a patient’s age, general health, specific medical conditions, and heart function. [30]
Valve replacement surgery is the replacement of one or more of the heart valves with either an artificial heart valve or a bioprosthesis (homograft from human tissue or xenograft e.g. from pig). It is an alternative to valve repair .
Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure whereby a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve. The aortic valve may need to be replaced because of aortic regurgitation (back flow), or if the valve is narrowed by stenosis .
Guidelines and indications are specific to different patient populations. For adults with aortic stenosis, guidelines suggest that balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) is to be used as a temporary procedure to improve blood flow through the aortic valve to alleviate symptoms and stabilize clinically before having more invasive procedures done, including aortic valve replacement (AVR) or ...
In patients who are deemed too high risk for open heart surgery, TAVI significantly reduces the rates of death and cardiac symptoms. [6] Until about 2017 TAVI was not routinely recommended for low-risk patients in favor of aortic valve replacement, however it is increasingly being offered to intermediate risk patients, based on studies finding ...
Of operative risk factors, surgical site is the most important predictor of risk for PPCs (aortic, thoracic, and upper abdominal surgeries being the highest-risk procedures, even in healthy patients. [16] The value of preoperative testing, such as spirometry, to estimate pulmonary risk is of controversial value and is debated in medical literature.
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