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  2. Dynamical friction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamical_friction

    The effect of dynamical friction explains why the brightest (more massive) galaxy tends to be found near the center of a galaxy cluster. The effect of the two body collisions slows down the galaxy, and the drag effect is greater the larger the galaxy mass. When the galaxy loses kinetic energy, it moves towards the center of the cluster.

  3. List of unsolved problems in astronomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

    Why is the Sun's corona so much hotter than the Sun's surface? Why is the magnetic reconnection effect many orders of magnitude faster than predicted by standard models? Space weather prediction: How does the Sun produce strong southward-pointing magnetic fields in solar coronal mass ejections that lead to geomagnetic storms?

  4. Action at a distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_at_a_distance

    Action at a distance is the concept in physics that an object's motion can be affected by another object without the two being in physical contact; that is, it is the concept of the non-local interaction of objects that are separated in space. Coulomb's law and Newton's law of universal gravitation are based on action at a distance.

  5. Newton's law of universal gravitation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_law_of_universal...

    This has the consequence that there exists a gravitational potential field V(r) such that g ( r ) = − ∇ V ( r ) . {\displaystyle \mathbf {g} (\mathbf {r} )=-\nabla V(\mathbf {r} ).} If m 1 is a point mass or the mass of a sphere with homogeneous mass distribution, the force field g ( r ) outside the sphere is isotropic, i.e., depends only ...

  6. Fundamental interaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

    During the Scientific Revolution, Galileo Galilei experimentally determined that this hypothesis was wrong under certain circumstances—neglecting the friction due to air resistance and buoyancy forces if an atmosphere is present (e.g. the case of a dropped air-filled balloon vs a water-filled balloon), all objects accelerate toward the Earth ...

  7. Center of mass - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center_of_mass

    This toy uses the principles of center of mass to keep balance when sitting on a finger. In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space (sometimes referred to as the barycenter or balance point) is the unique point at any given time where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero.

  8. Scientists Finally Solved the Mystery of How the Mayan ...

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/scientists-finally-solved...

    The Mayan calendar’s 819-day cycle has confounded scholars for decades, but new research shows how it matches up to planetary cycles over a 45-year span

  9. Space physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_physics

    Space physics, also known as space plasma physics, is the study of naturally occurring plasmas within Earth's upper atmosphere and the rest of the Solar System. It includes the topics of aeronomy , aurorae , planetary ionospheres and magnetospheres , radiation belts , and space weather (collectively known as solar-terrestrial physics [ 1 ] ).