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Transfer RNA (abbreviated tRNA and formerly referred to as sRNA, for soluble RNA [1]) is an adaptor molecule composed of RNA, typically 76 to 90 nucleotides in length ...
Aminoacyl-tRNA (also aa-tRNA or charged tRNA) is tRNA to which its cognate amino acid is chemically bonded (charged). The aa-tRNA, along with particular elongation factors , deliver the amino acid to the ribosome for incorporation into the polypeptide chain that is being produced during translation.
An aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (aaRS or ARS), also called tRNA-ligase, is an enzyme that attaches the appropriate amino acid onto its corresponding tRNA.It does so by catalyzing the transesterification of a specific cognate amino acid or its precursor to one of all its compatible cognate tRNAs to form an aminoacyl-tRNA.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a small RNA chain of about 80 nucleotides that transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation. It has sites for amino acid attachment and an anticodon region for codon recognition that binds to a specific sequence on the messenger RNA chain ...
The first non-coding RNA to be characterised was an alanine tRNA found in baker's yeast, its structure was published in 1965. [16] To produce a purified alanine tRNA sample, Robert W. Holley et al. used 140kg of commercial baker's yeast to give just 1g of purified tRNA Ala for analysis. [17]
Amino acid activation (also known as aminoacylation or tRNA charging) refers to the attachment of an amino acid to its respective transfer RNA (tRNA). The reaction occurs in the cell cytosol and consists of two steps: first, the enzyme aminoacyl tRNA synthetase catalyzes the binding of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a corresponding amino acid, forming a reactive aminoacyl adenylate ...
The amino acid is joined by its carboxyl group to the 3' OH of the tRNA by an ester bond. When the tRNA has an amino acid linked to it, the tRNA is termed "charged". In bacteria, this aminoacyl-tRNA is carried to the ribosome by EF-Tu, where mRNA codons are matched through complementary base pairing to specific tRNA anticodons. Aminoacyl-tRNA ...
tRNA: transfer RNA RF00005: sRNA soluble RNA - synonym of tRNA: mRNA: messenger RNA - pcRNA protein coding RNA - synonym of mRNA: rRNA: ribosomal RNA multiple families: 5S rRNA: 5S ribosomal RNA RF00001: 5.8S rRNA: 5.8S ribosomal RNA RF00002: SSU rRNA: small subunit ribosomal RNA CL00111: LSU rRNA: large subunit ribosomal RNA CL00112: NoRC RNA