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  2. Persian and Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_and_Urdu

    Persian and Urdu are distinct languages. Persian is classified as an Iranian language, whereas Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language.They fall under the larger grouping of the Indo-Iranian languages, and hence share some linguistic features due to common descent.

  3. Urdu - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu

    [214] [215] Urdu has borrowed words from Persian and to a lesser extent, Arabic through Persian, [216] to the extent of about 25% [211] [212] [213] [217] to 30% of Urdu's vocabulary. [218] A table illustrated by the linguist Afroz Taj of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill likewise illustrates the number of Persian loanwords to ...

  4. Urdu alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_alphabet

    The Urdu alphabet (Urdu: اُردُو حُرُوفِ تَہَجِّی‌, romanized: urdū ḥurūf-i tahajjī) is the right-to-left alphabet used for writing Urdu. It is a modification of the Persian alphabet , which itself is derived from the Arabic script .

  5. Hindi–Urdu controversy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi–Urdu_controversy

    However, in the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent, Urdu in Nastaliq was chosen as the replacement for Persian, rather than Hindi in the Devanagari script. [ 8 ] [ 27 ] The most immediate reason for the controversy is believed to be the contradictory language policy in North India in the 1860s.

  6. Languages of Pakistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Pakistan

    Persian had a long history in the lands of Pakistan and was the cultural language of the erstwhile Mughal Empire, a continuation since the introduction of the language by Central Asian Turkic invaders who migrated into the Indian Subcontinent, [53] and the patronisation of it by the earlier Turko-Persian Delhi Sultanate.

  7. Persian alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persian_alphabet

    The Persian alphabet (Persian: الفبای فارسی, romanized: Alefbâ-ye Fârsi), also known as the Perso-Arabic script, is the right-to-left alphabet used for the Persian language. It is a variation of the Arabic script with five additional letters: پ چ ژ گ (the sounds 'g', 'zh', 'ch', and 'p', respectively), in addition to the ...

  8. Iranian languages - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_languages

    Genuine Old Persian is best attested in one of the three languages of the Behistun inscription, composed c. 520 BCE, and which is the last inscription (and only inscription of significant length) in which Old Persian is still grammatically correct. Later inscriptions are comparatively brief, and typically simply copies of words and phrases from ...

  9. Kauravi dialect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauravi_dialect

    Urdu, the heavily Persianised version of Khariboli, replaced Persian as the official language of local administration in North India in the early 19th century. However, the association of the Persian script with Muslims prompted Hindus to develop their own Sanskritised version of the dialect, leading to the formation of Hindi. [16]