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An earth anchor is a device designed to support structures, most commonly used in geotechnical and construction applications. Also known as a ground anchor , percussion driven earth anchor or mechanical anchor , it may be impact driven into the ground or run in spirally, depending on its design and intended force-resistance characteristics.
This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, including Earth science, oceanography, cartography, and human geography, as well as those describing spatial dimension, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic ...
Also called Indianite. A mineral from the lime-rich end of the plagioclase group of minerals. Anorthites are usually silicates of calcium and aluminium occurring in some basic igneous rocks, typically those produced by the contact metamorphism of impure calcareous sediments. anticline An arched fold in which the layers usually dip away from the fold axis. Contrast syncline. aphanic Having the ...
The magnitude of total anchor force required in the tieback can be determined by analyzing the soil and groundwater properties as well as sources of external loads applied to the system. [ 2 ] The bond length of the tieback must extend beyond the potential critical failure surface of the soil.
Salt pan – Flat expanse of ground covered with salt and other minerals (salt flat) Sand boil, also known as sand volcano – Cone formed by the ejection of sand on a surface from a central point; Sandhill – Type of ecological community or xeric wildfire-maintained ecosystem; Sandur – Plain formed from glacier sediment transported by meltwater
A deep-penetrating anchor (DPA) is conceptually similar to a torpedo anchor: it features a dart-shaped, thick-walled, steel cylinder with flukes attached to the upper section of the anchor. A full-scale DPA is approximately 15 metres (49 ft) in length, 1.2 metres (4 ft) in diameter, and weighs on the order of 50–100 tonnes (49–98 long tons ...
Helical anchors consist of an extendable steel shaft with helical bearing plates. Piles or piers refer to strong base elements that withstand or transfer vertical/horizontal loads. Anchors are piles utilised only in tension applications like restraining wall tiebacks or vertical ground anchors made to resist overturning forces.
Typical earthworks include road construction, railway beds, causeways, dams, levees, canals, and berms.Other common earthworks are land grading to reconfigure the topography of a site, or to stabilize slopes.