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A hygrometer is an instrument which measures the humidity of air or some other gas: that is, how much of it is water vapor. [1] Humidity measurement instruments usually rely on measurements of some other quantities, such as temperature, pressure, mass, and mechanical or electrical changes in a substance as moisture is absorbed.
The wet-bulb temperature is the lowest temperature that may be achieved by evaporative cooling of a water-wetted, ventilated surface.. By contrast, the dew point is the temperature to which the ambient air must be cooled to reach 100% relative humidity assuming there is no further evaporation into the air; it is the temperature where condensation (dew) and clouds would form.
A psychrometric chart is a graph of the thermodynamic parameters of moist air at a constant pressure, often equated to an elevation relative to sea level. The ASHRAE-style psychrometric chart, shown here, was pioneered by Willis Carrier in 1904. [10] It depicts these parameters and is thus a graphical equation of state. The parameters are:
The normal distribution is NOT assumed nor required in the calculation of control limits. Thus making the IndX/mR chart a very robust tool. Thus making the IndX/mR chart a very robust tool. This is demonstrated by Wheeler using real-world data [ 4 ] , [ 5 ] and for a number of highly non-normal probability distributions.
The hydrometer makes use of Archimedes' principle: a solid suspended in a fluid is buoyed by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the submerged part of the suspended solid. The lower the density of the fluid, the deeper a hydrometer of a given weight sinks; the stem is calibrated to give a numerical reading.
A hygrothermograph for humidity and temperature recording Hygrometer for domestic use, wet/dry psychrometer type Thermo hygrometer displaying temperature and relative humidity. A device used to measure humidity of air is called a psychrometer or hygrometer. A humidistat is a humidity-triggered switch, often used to control a humidifier or a ...
Another type of hydrometer is the electronic Oscillating Body hydrometer which determines the density of a small sample drawn into a glass tube mounted on an oscillating mechanism. The difference in frequency between the test sample and a reference sample of distilled water is a measure of the density of the sample, which is displayed digitally.
The water in food has a tendency to evaporate, but the water vapor in the surrounding air has a tendency to condense into the food. When the two tendencies are in balance— and the air and food are stable—the air's relative humidity (expressed as a fraction instead of as a percentage) is taken to be the water activity, a w. Thus, water ...
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