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  2. Prior restraint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prior_restraint

    A prior restraint, by contrast and by definition, has an immediate and irreversible sanction. If it can be said that a threat of criminal or civil sanctions after publication 'chills' speech, prior restraint 'freezes' it at least for the time. Also, most of the early struggles for freedom of the press were against forms of prior restraint. Thus ...

  3. Time constraint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_constraint

    In law, time constraints [1] are placed on certain actions and filings in the interest of speedy justice, and additionally to prevent the evasion of the ends of justice by waiting until a matter is moot. The penalty for violating a legislative or court-imposed time constraint may be anything from a small fine to judicial determination of an ...

  4. Freedom of speech in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speech_in_the...

    During colonial times, English speech regulations were rather restrictive.The English criminal common law of seditious libel made criticizing the government a crime. Lord Chief Justice John Holt, writing in 1704–1705, explained the rationale for the prohibition: "For it is very necessary for all governments that the people should have a good opinion of it."

  5. New York Times Co. v. United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Times_Co._v...

    The decision then stated that the government "thus carries a heavy burden of showing justification for the imposition of such a restraint". This reinforced the idea that it was the Nixon Administration's responsibility to show sufficient evidence that the newspapers' actions would cause a "grave and irreparable" danger.

  6. Judicial restraint - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_restraint

    Judicial restraint is a judicial interpretation that recommends favoring the status quo in judicial activities and is the opposite of judicial activism.Aspects of judicial restraint include the principle of stare decisis (that new decisions should be consistent with previous decisions); a conservative approach to standing (locus standi) and a reluctance to grant certiorari; [1] and a tendency ...

  7. Near v. Minnesota - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near_v._Minnesota

    Near v. Minnesota, 283 U.S. 697 (1931), was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court under which prior restraint on publication was found to violate freedom of the press as protected under the First Amendment.

  8. Explainer-What is a government shutdown and what is the debt ...

    www.aol.com/news/explainer-government-shutdown...

    why would the government shut down? The president-elect is also urging lawmakers to approve more government borrowing by addressing the nation's debt ceiling before he takes office on Jan. 20.

  9. Judicial interpretation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_interpretation

    Judicial interpretation is the way in which the judiciary construes the law, particularly constitutional documents, legislation and frequently used vocabulary.This is an important issue in some common law jurisdictions such as the United States, Australia and Canada, because the supreme courts of those nations can overturn laws made by their legislatures via a process called judicial review.