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Early childhood intervention came about as a natural progression from special education for children with disabilities (Guralnick, 1997). Many early childhood intervention support services began as research units in universities (for example, Syracuse University in the United States and Macquarie University in Australia) while others were developed out of organizations helping older children.
Head Start is a program of the United States Department of Health and Human Services that provides comprehensive early childhood education, health, nutrition, and parent involvement services to low-income children and families. It is the oldest and largest program of its kind. [1]
In the 1930s and 1940s we see more government intervention: the implementation of the New Deal and the Lanham Act led to financial investment in early childhood education programs. This is also when we see the implementation of the Head Start program, which is focused on providing low-income children with early childhood education services. [2]
In 1965, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (PL 89–10) and the State Schools Act (PL 89-313) granted funds to states to help educate children with disabilities. In 1968, the Handicapped Children's Early Education Assistance Act of 1968 (PL 90-538) funded early childhood intervention for children with disabilities.
"Early Childhood Education: Young Adult Outcomes From the Abecedarian Project," Applied Developmental Science, 2002, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 42–57. Leonard N. Masse and W. Steven Barnett , A Benefit-Cost Analysis of the Abecedarian Early Childhood Intervention, New Brunswick, N.J.: National Institute for Early Education Research, 2002.
The Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) is a unit within the U.S Department of Education. Originally created as the Bureau of the Education of the Handicapped in 1967, [2] its purpose is to strengthen and coordinate activities on behalf of students with disabilities.
The global priority placed on early childhood education is underscored with targets of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4. As of 2023, however, "only around 4 in 10 children aged 3 and 4 attend early childhood education" around the world. [9]
From the early 1960s, the Education Department of Victoria (Australia), had developed an extensive range of programs in primary schools that sought to develop the individual ability of each pupil. Also, the ratio of pupils to teachers in schools had been significantly reduced over time and schools had become much more independent in the ...