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  2. Peppermint extract - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppermint_extract

    [1] [3] Moderate levels can be safely mixed into food items, or applied topically, sprayed on surfaces as a household cleaner, or inhaled using aromatherapy. [1] However, the menthol in peppermint oil may cause serious side effects in children and infants if inhaled. [1] Peppermint oil may have adverse interactions with prescription drugs. [3]

  3. Vascular permeability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_permeability

    Differences in vascular permeability between normal tissue and a tumor. Vascular permeability, often in the form of capillary permeability or microvascular permeability, characterizes the capacity of a blood vessel wall to allow for the flow of small molecules (drugs, nutrients, water, ions) or even whole cells (lymphocytes on their way to the site of inflammation) in and out of the vessel.

  4. Microcirculation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microcirculation

    Distension of the vessels due to increased blood pressure is a fundamental stimulus for muscle contraction in arteriolar walls. As a consequence, microcirculation blood flow remains constant despite changes in systemic blood pressure. This mechanism is present in all tissues and organs of the human body.

  5. Hemodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemodynamics

    Hemodynamics explains the physical laws that govern the flow of blood in the blood vessels. Blood flow ensures the transportation of nutrients, hormones, metabolic waste products, oxygen, and carbon dioxide throughout the body to maintain cell-level metabolism, the regulation of the pH, osmotic pressure and temperature of the whole body, and ...

  6. Reference ranges for blood tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference_ranges_for_blood...

    Acid–base and blood gases are among the few blood constituents that exhibit substantial difference between arterial and venous values. [6] Still, pH, bicarbonate and base excess show a high level of inter-method reliability between arterial and venous tests, so arterial and venous values are roughly equivalent for these. [44]

  7. Blood vessel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_vessel

    Blood vessels function to transport blood to an animal's body tissues. In general, arteries and arterioles transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the body and its organs, and veins and venules transport deoxygenated blood from the body to the lungs. Blood vessels also circulate blood throughout the circulatory system.

  8. Vascular endothelial growth factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial...

    VEGF xxx may then cause the creation of new blood vessels in the retina and elsewhere in the eye, heralding changes that may threaten the sight. VEGF-A plays a role in the disease pathology of the wet form age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is the leading cause of blindness for the elderly of the industrialized world. The vascular ...

  9. Oncotic pressure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oncotic_pressure

    At the arteriolar end of the capillary, blood pressure starts at about 36 mm Hg and decreases to around 15 mm Hg at the venous end, with oncotic pressure at a stable 25–28 mm Hg. Within the capillary, reabsorption due to this venous pressure difference is estimated to be around 90% that of the filtered fluid, with the extra 10% being returned ...