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The Video Graphics Array (VGA) connector is a standard connector used for computer video output. Originating with the 1987 IBM PS/2 and its VGA graphics system, the 15-pin connector went on to become ubiquitous on PCs, [ 1 ] as well as many monitors, projectors and HD television sets.
VGA section on the motherboard in IBM PS/55. The color palette random access memory (RAM) and its corresponding digital-to-analog converter (DAC) were integrated into one chip (the RAMDAC) and the cathode-ray tube controller was integrated into a main VGA chip, which eliminated several other chips in previous graphics adapters, so VGA only additionally required external video RAM and timing ...
It was an optional upgrade to the Micro Channel architecture based PS/2's Video Graphics Array (VGA), and was delivered within three months of PS/2's introduction. Although not the first PC video card to support hardware acceleration, IBM's 8514 is often credited [by whom?] as the first PC mass-market fixed-function accelerator.
A modern consumer graphics card: A Radeon RX 6900 XT from AMD. A graphics card (also called a video card, display card, graphics accelerator, graphics adapter, VGA card/VGA, video adapter, display adapter, or colloquially GPU) is a computer expansion card that generates a feed of graphics output to a display device such as a monitor.
IBM developed a bespoke display standard for the Model 30, dubbed Multi-Color Graphics Array (MCGA). [15] This display incorporates elements of IBM's more-capable Video Graphics Array (VGA), as introduced in higher-end models of the PS/2 family, into the earlier Color Graphics Adapter standard introduced back in 1981. [6]
The Enhanced Graphics Adapter (EGA) is an IBM PC graphics adapter [2] [3] and de facto computer display standard from 1984 that superseded the CGA standard introduced with the original IBM PC, and was itself superseded by the VGA standard in 1987.
The display adapter uses a DE-15 connector, sometimes referred to as HD-15. MCGA is similar to VGA in that it had a 256-color mode (the 256-color mode in VGA was sometimes referred to as MCGA) and uses 15-pin analog connectors. The PS/2 chipset's limited abilities prevent EGA compatibility and high-resolution multi-color VGA display modes.
Professional Graphics Controller (PGC, often called Professional Graphics Adapter and sometimes Professional Graphics Array) is a graphics card manufactured by IBM for PCs. [1] It consists of three interconnected PCBs , and contains its own processor and memory.
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