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Many anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, are not commonly diagnosed in people with ASD because such symptoms are better explained by ASD itself, and it is often difficult to tell whether symptoms such as compulsive checking are part of ASD or a co-occurring anxiety problem. The prevalence of ...
Autism spectrum disorder [a] (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder "characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts" and "restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities". [11]
Engaging in special interests can bring autistic people great joy [24] [25] and many autistic people spend large amounts of time engaged in their special interest. [26] In adults, engaging with special interests has been shown to have positive outcomes for mental health, [27] self-esteem, [28] and can be used to manage stress.
Baron-Cohen says that tests of the E–S model show that twice as many females than males are Type E and twice as many males than females are Type S. 65% of people with autism spectrum conditions are Extreme Type S. [6] The concept of the Extreme Type E brain has been proposed; however, little research has been conducted on this brain profile. [31]
Disorders formerly considered distinct, but now diagnosed as autism spectrum disorder, include: Asperger syndrome – a previously diagnosed form of autism often applied to people with a higher IQ who can have a less difficult time communicating with others and understanding concepts or phrases than other individuals with more severe autism. As ...
The neurodiversity paradigm is a view of autism as a different way of being rather than as a disease or disorder that must be cured. [39] [41] Autistic people are considered to have neurocognitive differences [33] which give them distinct strengths and weaknesses, and are capable of succeeding when appropriately accommodated and supported.
Developmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in "language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living". [1]
PDD-NOS included atypical autism, a diagnosis defined in the ICD-10 for the case that the criteria for autistic disorder were not met because of late age of onset, or atypical symptomatology, or both of these. [5] Even though PDD-NOS was considered milder than typical autism, this was not always true. While some characteristics may be milder ...