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However, subsequent research has disproven this belief. The Poisson’s ratio of articular cartilage has been measured to be around 0.4 or lower in humans [11] [14] and ranges from 0.46–0.5 in bovine subjects. [15] The mechanical properties of articular cartilage are largely anisotropic, test-dependent, and can be age-dependent. [11]
Articular cartilage: This layer coats the bone ends, concerned with joint movement. Epiphyseal growth plate: This transverse layer lies between the epiphysis and diaphysis. It’s composed of highly active chondrocytes and responsible for longitudinal bone growth.
Traction epiphysis: The regions of the long bone which are non-articular, i.e. not involved in joint formation. Unlike pressure epiphyses, these regions do not assist in weight transmission. However, their proximity to the pressure epiphysis region means that the supporting ligaments and tendons attach to these areas of the bone.
A joint or articulation (or articular surface) is the connection made between bones, ossicles, or other hard structures in the body which link an animal's skeletal system into a functional whole. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] They are constructed to allow for different degrees and types of movement.
The inferior processes or postzygapophysis project downward from a higher vertebra, and their articular surfaces are directed more or less forward and outward. The articular surfaces are coated with hyaline cartilage. In the cervical vertebral column, the articular processes collectively form the articular pillars. These are the bony surfaces ...
The talus is the second largest of the tarsal bones; [4] it is also one of the bones in the human body with the highest percentage of its surface area covered by articular cartilage. It is also unusual in that it has a retrograde blood supply, i.e. arterial blood enters the bone at the distal end. [citation needed]
The well-fitting surfaces of the femoral head and acetabulum, which face each other, are lined with a layer of slippery tissue called articular cartilage, which is lubricated by a thin film of synovial fluid. Friction inside a normal hip is less than one-tenth that of ice gliding on ice. [5] [6]