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4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), is a monohydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid.It is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water and chloroform but more soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols and acetone. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid is primarily known as the basis for the preparation of its esters, known as parabens ...
By using potassium hydroxide, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid is accessible, an important precursor for the versatile paraben class of biocides used e.g. in personal care products. The methodology is also used in the industrial synthesis of 3-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid; the regiochemistry of the carboxylation in this case is sensitive to temperature. [6]
Hydroxybenzoic acid may refer to several related chemical compounds: 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid, o-hydroxybenzoic acid) 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid (m ...
They are produced by the esterification of para-hydroxybenzoic acid with the appropriate alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol, or n-propanol. para-Hydroxybenzoic acid is in turn produced industrially from a modification of the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction, using potassium phenoxide and carbon dioxide. [citation needed]
An applied example is a synthesis of sunitinib begins by mixing 5-fluoroisatin slowly into hydrazine hydrate. [9] After 4 hours at 110 °C, the indole ring structure has been broken into (2-amino-5-fluoro-phenyl)-acetic acid hydrazide with reduction of the ketone at the 3-position.
Monohydroxybenzoic acid may refer to any of three isomeric phenolic acids: Salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid, o-hydroxybenzoic acid) 3-Hydroxybenzoic acid (m-hydroxybenzoic acid) 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid (p-hydroxybenzoic acid) Monohydroxybenzoic acids can be degraded by microbes. [1]
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-O-glucoside is a glucoside of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. It can be found in mycorrhizal (Picea abies-Lactarius deterrimus and Picea abies-Laccaria amethystina) and non-mycorrhizal roots of Norway spruces (Picea abies). [1] The enzyme 4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase can be found in the pollen of Pinus ...
Hydrazines (R 2 N−NR 2) are a class of chemical compounds with two nitrogen atoms linked via a covalent bond and which carry from one up to four alkyl or aryl substituents. . Hydrazines can be considered as derivatives of the inorganic hydrazine (H 2 N−NH 2), in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by hydrocarbon grou