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Latvian (endonym: latviešu valoda, pronounced [ˈlatviɛʃu ˈvaluɔda]), [3] also known as Lettish, [4] is an East Baltic language belonging to the Indo-European language family and it is spoken in the Baltic region.
The Latvian language is an extensively inflected language, with complex nominal and verbal morphology. Word order is relatively free, but the unmarked order is subject–verb–object. Latvian has pre-nominal adjectives and both prepositions and postpositions.
The language law of Latvia classifies it as a "historical language of Latvia". [4] It is mostly spoken in Latgale , the eastern part of Latvia . [ 5 ] The 2011 Latvian census established that 164,500 of Latvia's inhabitants, or 8.8% of the population, speak Latgalian daily. 97,600 of them lived in Latgale, 29,400 in Riga and 14,400 in the Riga ...
The modern Latvian orthography is based on Latin script adapted to phonetic principles, following the pronunciation of the language. The standard alphabet consists of 33 letters – 22 unmodified Latin letters and 11 modified by diacritics .
Latvian is the sole official language. [10] [11] Livonian is considered an indigenous language and has special legal status. [12] Latgalian written language and Latvian Sign Language also have special legal status. [13] Latvia is de jure continuous with its declaration of 18 November 1918.
Countries where an East Baltic language is the national language The Baltic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively or as a second language by a population of about 6.5–7.0 million people [ 1 ] [ 2 ] mainly in areas extending east and southeast of the Baltic Sea in Europe .
Latvian roots may alternate between [v] and [u] depending on whether the following segment is a vowel or a consonant. For example, the root Dauga v - (' Daugava River ') in the nominative case is [dauɡa v ə] , but is pronounced [dauɡa u pils] in the city name Daugavpils .
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, [42] [43] especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
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