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2. Carbon-to-nitrogen ratio - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon-to-nitrogen_ratio

   The C:N ratio of soil can be modified by the addition of materials such as compost, manure, and mulch. A feedstock with a near-optimal C:N ratio will be consumed quickly. Any excess C will cause the N originally in the soil to be consumed, competing with the plant for nutrients (immobilization) – at least temporarily until the microbes die.

3. Soil management - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_management

   Tilling the soil, or tillage, is the breaking of soil, such as with a plough or harrow, to prepare the soil for new seeds. Tillage systems vary in intensity and disturbance. Conventional tillage is the most intense tillage system and disturbs the deepest level of soils. At least 30% of plant residue remains on the soil surface in conservation ...

4. Hydroponics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroponics

   It is used loose or in plastic sleeves immersed in the water. It is also used in potting soil mixes to decrease soil density. It does contain a high amount of fluorine which could be harmful to some plants. [66] Perlite has similar properties and uses to vermiculite but, in general, holds more air and less water and is buoyant.

5. Nitrogen deficiency - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_deficiency

   Nitrogen deficiency is a deficiency of nitrogen in plants. This can occur when organic matter with high carbon content, such as sawdust, is added to soil. [1] Soil organisms use any nitrogen available to break down carbon sources, making nitrogen unavailable to plants. [1] This is known as "robbing" the soil of nitrogen.

6. Potting soil - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potting_soil

   A flowerpot filled with potting soil. Potting soil or growing media, also known as potting mix or potting compost (UK), is a substrate used to grow plants in containers. The first recorded use of the term is from an 1861 issue of the American Agriculturist. [1] Despite its name, little or no soil is usually used in potting soil.

7. Soil loss tolerance - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_loss_tolerance

   Soil loss tolerance for a specific soil, also known as the T value, which can be calculated with = + [1] formula, is the maximum average annual soil loss expressed as tons per acre per year that will permit current production levels to be maintained economically and indefinitely.

8. Calcium deficiency (plant disorder) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_deficiency_(plant...

   Plants are susceptible to such localized calcium deficiencies in low or non-transpiring tissues because calcium is not transported in the phloem. [1] This may be due to water shortages, which slow the transportation of calcium to the plant, poor uptake of calcium through the stem, [2] or too much nitrogen in the soil. [3]

9. Immobilization (soil science) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immobilization_(soil_science)

   Whether nitrogen is mineralized or immobilized depends on the C/N ratio of the plant residues. [6] For example, incorporating materials high in carbon to nitrogen ratio such as saw dust and straw will stimulate soil microbial activity, increase demand for nitrogen, leading to immobilization. [7] This is known as priming effect. [8]