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The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, [5] succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, [6] when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 partitions of Poland–Lithuania.
The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, [b] formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania [c] and also referred to as Poland–Lithuania or the First Polish Republic, [d] [9] [10] was a federative real union [11] between the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, existing from 1569 to 1795.
Lithuania, [b] officially the Republic of Lithuania, [c] is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. [d] It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Poland to the south, and the Russian semi-exclave of Kaliningrad Oblast to the southwest, with a maritime border with Sweden to the west.
The map shows in red all of the territory that was ruled by Zygmunt III Waza in 1619 (the Polish monarch at that time), which made up the Commonwealth; it can be further divided up into: Crown of the Kingdom of Poland; Duchy of Prussia (Polish fief) Grand Duchy of Lithuania; Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (Lithuanian fief) Duchy of Livonia ...
The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia is a duchy in the Baltic region that existed from 1562 to 1791 as a vassal state of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. From 1685, District of Pilten was in union with the duchy.
For most of its existence, it was a constituent part and a nucleus of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Other alternative names of the territorial formation, used in different periods, were Aukštaitija or Land of Lithuania (13th century), Duchy of Vilnius (14th – early 15th centuries), [2] Lithuania proper, or simply Lithuania (in a narrow sense).
The map depicts the territory from the Gulf of Riga in the north to Podolia in the south, from the Vistula river in the west to the border with the Grand Duchy of Moscow beyond the Dnieper river in the east. [7] The map shows borders of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and its administrative subdivisions (voivodeships and powiats). [23]
Map showing conflicts and territorial changes on the Polish-Lithuanian—Russian border, 1450–1600 File:Duchy of Prussia.svg: Small SVG: Map of the Duchy of Prussia File:Livonian war map (1558-1560).svg: Small SVG: Map showing campaigns in Livonia, 1558–1560. File:Map of Poland and Lithuania after the Union of Lublin (1569).svg: Large SVG