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Palilalia must be differentiated from other complex tic disorders (such as echolalia), stuttering, [10] and logoclonia. In contrast to stuttering or logoclonia, palilalic repetitions tend to consist of complete sections of words or phrases, [5] are often repeated many times, [11] and the speaker has no difficulty initiating speech. [1]
Echolalia is the unsolicited repetition of vocalizations made by another person; when repeated by the same person, it is called palilalia. In its profound form it is automatic and effortless. In its profound form it is automatic and effortless.
Klazomania is similar to other complex tics including echolalia, palilalia and coprolalia. [1] It is defined as compulsive shouting, which can be in the form of swearing, grunting or barking. [3] The subject may appear flushed, and klazomania can occur with increasing frequency if the person is agitated. [3]
Complex phonic tics include echolalia (repeating words just spoken by someone else), palilalia (repeating one's own previously spoken words), lexilalia (repeating words after reading them), and coprolalia (the spontaneous utterance of socially objectionable or taboo words or phrases).
Catatonia involves a significant psychomotor disturbance, which can occur as catalepsy, stupor, excessive purposeless motor activity, extreme negativism (seemingly motiveless resistance to movement), mutism, echolalia (imitating speech), or echopraxia (imitating movements). [1] There is a catatonic subtype of schizophrenia. [1]
Complex tics related to speech include coprolalia, echolalia and palilalia. Coprolalia is the spontaneous utterance of socially objectionable or taboo words or phrases. Although it is the most publicized symptom of Tourette's, only about 10% of people with Tourette's exhibit it, and it is not required for a diagnosis.
Feature of speech Absence of feature Difficulty [clarification needed] Problem [clarification needed]; Phonation: Anarthria: Dysarthria, dysglossia: Comprehension: Agnosia, asemia, asymbolia
Echopraxia is a typical symptom of Tourette syndrome but causes are not well elucidated. [1]Frontal lobe animation. One theoretical cause subject to ongoing debate surrounds the role of the mirror neuron system (MNS), a group of neurons in the inferior frontal gyrus (F5 region) of the brain that may influence imitative behaviors, [1] but no widely accepted neural or computational models have ...