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It is the fastest and most flexible cache organization that uses an associative memory. The associative memory stores both the address and content of the memory word. [further explanation needed] In the boot process of some computers, a memory map may be passed on from the firmware to instruct an operating system kernel about memory layout. It ...
In computing, the BIOS parameter block, often shortened to BPB, is a data structure in the volume boot record (VBR) describing the physical layout of a data storage volume. On partitioned devices, such as hard disks , the BPB describes the volume partition, whereas, on unpartitioned devices, such as floppy disks , it describes the entire medium.
In computing, BIOS (/ ˈ b aɪ ɒ s,-oʊ s /, BY-oss, -ohss; Basic Input/Output System, also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS, BIOS ROM or PC BIOS) is a type of firmware used to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs and to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup). [1]
Details of GPT support on 64-bit editions of Microsoft Windows [31] OS version Release date Platform Read and write support Boot support Note Windows XP 64-Bit Edition for Itanium systems, Version 2002 2001-10-25 IA-64: Yes Yes MBR takes precedence in hybrid configuration. Windows XP 64-Bit Edition, Version 2003 2003-03-28 IA-64: Yes Yes
e820 is shorthand for the facility by which the BIOS of an x86-based computer system reports the memory map to the operating system or boot loader. [1] It is accessed via the int 15h call, by setting the AX register to value E820 in hexadecimal. It reports which memory address ranges are usable and which are reserved for use by the BIOS. [2]
In the PC bootup sequence, the first sector of the boot disk is loaded into memory and executed. If this is the DOS boot sector, it loads the first three sectors of IO.SYS into memory and transfers control to it. IO.SYS then: Loads the rest of itself into memory. Initializes each default device driver in turn (console, disk, serial port, etc ...
Nonvolatile BIOS memory refers to a small memory on PC motherboards that is used to store BIOS settings. It is traditionally called CMOS RAM because it uses a volatile, low-power complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) SRAM (such as the Motorola MC146818 [1] or similar) powered by a small battery when system and standby power is off. [2]
It consists of a method for storing configuration information in nonvolatile BIOS memory and three BIOS functions for working with that data. [1] [2] The ESCD data may at one time have been stored in the latter portion of the 128 byte extended bank of battery-backed CMOS RAM but eventually it became too large and so was moved to BIOS flash. [3] [4]