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Symptoms can vary from an ache or pain and swelling in the local area of one or both ankles, or a burning that surrounds the whole joint. With this condition, the pain is usually worse during and after activity, and the tendon and joint area can become stiff the following day, as swelling impinges on the movement of the tendon.
Toe walking may also be caused by a bone block located at the ankle which prevents the ankle from moving. This may be as the result of trauma or arthritis. [6] Toe walking may also be one way of accommodating a separate condition, foot drop. Persistent toe walking in children is also associated with developmental disabilities, such as autism.
Non-surgical treatment is an alternative as there is supporting evidence that rerupture rates and satisfactory outcomes are comparable to surgery. [2] If appropriate treatment does not occur within 4 weeks of the injury outcomes are not as good. [8] Achilles tendon rupture occurs in about 1 per 10,000 people per year. [5]
Plantar fasciitis or plantar heel pain is a disorder of the plantar fascia, which is the connective tissue that supports the arch of the foot. [2] It results in pain in the heel and bottom of the foot that is usually most severe with the first steps of the day or following a period of rest.
Stretching can be dangerous when performed incorrectly. There are many techniques for stretching in general, but depending on which muscle group is being stretched, some techniques may be ineffective or detrimental, even to the point of causing hypermobility , instability, or permanent damage to the tendons , ligaments , and muscle fiber. [ 7 ]
Inversion therapy, or simply inversion, is the process of seeking therapeutic benefits from hanging by the legs, ankles, or feet in an inverted angle or entirely upside down. It is a form of spinal traction. [1] Gravity boots are ankle supports designed for inversion therapy. [2]
Legcuffs are physical restraints used on the ankles of a person to allow walking only with a restricted stride and to prevent running and effective physical resistance. [1] Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters [2] or leg irons. The term "fetter" shares a root with the word "foot".
The ankle jerk reflex, also known as the Achilles reflex, occurs when the Achilles tendon is tapped while the foot is dorsiflexed. It is a type of stretch reflex that tests the function of the gastrocnemius muscle and the nerve that supplies it. A positive result would be the jerking of the foot towards its plantar surface.