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Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is an organic compound with the formula (CH 3) 3 NO. It is in the class of amine oxides. Although the anhydrous compound is known, trimethylamine N-oxide is usually encountered as the dihydrate. Both the anhydrous and hydrated materials are white, water-soluble solids.
FMO3 is the primary enzyme in humans which catalyzes the N-oxidation of trimethylamine into trimethylamine N-oxide; [8] [10] FMO1 also does this, but to a much lesser extent than FMO3. [13] [14] Genetic deficiencies of the FMO3 enzyme cause primary trimethylaminuria, also known as "fish odor syndrome".
Trimethylamine N-oxide reductase has the EC number 1.7.2.3, and these components refer to the following enzyme classifications: EC 1 enzymes are oxidoreductase enzymes, where an oxidation reduction reaction occurs, and the substrate being oxidized is either an oxygen or hydrogen donor
Breakdown of L-carnitine from red meat by gut microbes into trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) has been associated with atherosclerosis, which can lead to obesity, heart disease and type 2 diabetes [36] while both heart and kidney disease events can be predicted by high free p-Cresol levels. [37]
Prebiotics are a type of non-digestible fiber, which are food for probiotics in the gut, says De Latour. These are found fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other plant-based foods. Probiotics ...
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) reduction to trimethylamine (TMA) Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) reduction to dimethyl sulfide (DMS) Reductive dechlorination; TMAO is a chemical commonly produced by fish, and when reduced to TMA produces a strong odor. DMSO is a common marine and freshwater chemical which is also odiferous when reduced to DMS.
The gut has taken the microbiome spotlight because it houses the highest proportion of bacteria. We likely have 1,000 or so species, and maybe up to 100 trillion individual critters in total ...
Trimethylamine (TMA) is an organic compound with the formula N(CH 3) 3. It is a trimethylated derivative of ammonia. TMA is widely used in industry. [5] [6] At higher concentrations it has an ammonia-like odor, and can cause necrosis of mucous membranes on contact. [7] At lower concentrations, it has a "fishy" odor, the odor associated with ...