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  2. Balance disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_disorder

    Problems with balance can occur when there is a disruption in any of the vestibular, visual, or proprioceptive systems. Abnormalities in balance function may indicate a wide range of pathologies from causes like inner ear disorders, low blood pressure, brain tumors, and brain injury including stroke.

  3. Variational inequality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variational_inequality

    The first problem involving a variational inequality was the Signorini problem, posed by Antonio Signorini in 1959 and solved by Gaetano Fichera in 1963, according to the references (Antman 1983, pp. 282–284) and (Fichera 1995): the first papers of the theory were (Fichera 1963) and (Fichera 1964a), (Fichera 1964b).

  4. Mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_programming...

    Mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is the study of constrained optimization problems where the constraints include variational inequalities or complementarities. MPEC is related to the Stackelberg game. MPEC is used in the study of engineering design, economic equilibrium, and multilevel games.

  5. Stability theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stability_theory

    The simplest kind of an orbit is a fixed point, or an equilibrium. If a mechanical system is in a stable equilibrium state then a small push will result in a localized motion, for example, small oscillations as in the case of a pendulum. In a system with damping, a stable equilibrium state is moreover asymptotically stable. On the other hand ...

  6. Le Chatelier's principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Chatelier's_principle

    Le Chatelier–Braun principle analyzes the qualitative behaviour of a thermodynamic system when a particular one of its externally controlled state variables, say , changes by an amount , the 'driving change', causing a change , the 'response of prime interest', in its conjugate state variable , all other externally controlled state variables remaining constant.

  7. Obstacle problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstacle_problem

    The obstacle problem is a classic motivating example in the mathematical study of variational inequalities and free boundary problems.The problem is to find the equilibrium position of an elastic membrane whose boundary is held fixed, and which is constrained to lie above a given obstacle.

  8. Mechanical equilibrium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_equilibrium

    A stationary object (or set of objects) is in "static equilibrium," which is a special case of mechanical equilibrium. A paperweight on a desk is an example of static equilibrium. Other examples include a rock balance sculpture, or a stack of blocks in the game of Jenga , so long as the sculpture or stack of blocks is not in the state of ...

  9. Complementarity theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complementarity_theory

    Since then the study of complementarity problems and variational inequalities has expanded enormously. Areas of mathematics and science that contributed to the development of complementarity theory include: optimization, equilibrium problems, variational inequality theory, fixed point theory, topological degree theory and nonlinear analysis.