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2. Disc herniation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disc_herniation

   Disc herniation can occur in any disc in the spine, but the two most common forms are lumbar disc herniation and cervical disc herniation. The former is the most common, causing low back pain (lumbago) and often leg pain as well, in which case it is commonly referred to as sciatica. Lumbar disc herniation occurs 15 times more often than ...

3. Myelomalacia - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelomalacia

   The spinal cord and the brain work together, making them the key components of the central nervous system. [5] Damage to this system affects specific functions of the body, primarily relating to the function of muscles. The areas most commonly injured include the cervical vertebrae (C1-C7), and the lumbar spine (L1-L5). [6]

4. Schmorl's nodes - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schmorl's_nodes

   Schmorl's nodes are fairly common, especially with minor degeneration of the aging spine, but they are also seen in younger spines. Schmorl's nodes often cause no symptoms, but may simply reflect that "wear and tear" of the spine has occurred over time; they may also reflect that bone strength was at one time somewhat compromised, perhaps due to a vitamin D deficiency although this has yet to ...

5. Spinal disease - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_disease

   When the spinal canal begins to lose its gap and gets thinner, it can cause pain in the neck, which can also cause a numb feeling in the arms and hands. Those are symptoms of cervical stenosis disease. The discs between each vertebra have fibers that can begin to deteriorate, and this can occur in cervical disc herniation. This disease is less ...

6. Modic changes - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modic_changes

   The last decade of studies on Modic changes have shown that Modic changes are associated with many treatment-resistant pain episodes and may result in patients entering a state of chronic low back pain. On average, individuals with Modic changes have had chronic pain for longer than individuals suffering from non-Modic changes back pain. [9] [10]

7. Spinal stenosis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_stenosis

   Cervical spinal stenosis can be far more dangerous by compressing the spinal cord. Cervical canal stenosis may lead to myelopathy, a serious condition causing symptoms including major body weakness and paralysis. [14] Such severe spinal stenosis symptoms are virtually absent in lumbar stenosis, however, as the spinal cord terminates at the top ...