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Embankment dams come in two types: the earth-filled dam (also called an earthen dam or terrain dam) made of compacted earth, and the rock-filled dam. A cross-section of an embankment dam shows a shape like a bank, or hill. Most have a central section or core composed of an impermeable material to stop water from seeping through the dam.
Moccasin Dam is a rockfill dam, with a structural height of 60 feet (18 m) and a length of 720 feet (220 m), containing 4,815 cubic yards (3,681 m 3) of material. [1] The elevation at the dam crest is 929.5 feet (283.3 m) above sea level. [2]
S. Saguling Dam; Salma Dam; Salto Osório Hydroelectric Power Plant; Salto Santiago Hydroelectric Power Plant; San Gabriel Dam; Sarda Dam; Sardasht Dam; Scotts Peak Dam
The Santiago Dam is a roller compacted earth and rockfill structure 136 feet (41 m) high and 1,425 feet (434 m) long. [2] It is roughly 760 feet (230 m) wide at the base and contains some 790,000 cubic yards (600,000 m 3 ) of material.
Typically, a base or starter dam is constructed, and as it fills with a mixture of tailings and water, it is raised. Material used to raise the dam can include the tailings (if their properties are suitable), earthfill, or rockfill. [7] It is increasingly common for barrier systems such as geomembranes to be incorporated into tailings dams ...
The following table lists the largest man-made dams by volume of fill/structure. By general definition, a dam is a barrier that impounds water or underground streams, hence tailings dams are relegated to a separate list.
[4]: 152 Construction involved over 3 million cubic metres of material. [8] Concrete was injected in bedrock fissures below the dam to stabilize the foundation. [9] Until the W. A. C. Bennett Dam was built on the Peace River in the 1960s, the Kenney Dam was the largest rockfill dam in the world.
The core material is constructed of weathered low plasticity gravelly clay greywacke, with transition zones on each face made of ignimbrite fines and softer quarry strippings. The transition zones are in turn protected on the upstream and downstream faces of the dam by shoulders made of hard ignimbrite rockfill.