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It has been used as a higher rank than strain, with several strains making up one race. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Races may be genetically distinct populations of individuals within the same species , [ 4 ] or they may be defined in other ways, e.g. geographically, or physiologically. [ 5 ]
The informal taxonomic rank of race is variously considered equivalent or subordinate to the rank of subspecies, and the division of anatomically modern humans (H. sapiens) into subspecies is closely tied to the recognition of major racial groupings based on human genetic variation. A subspecies cannot be recognized independently: a species ...
In North America, the species Rangifer tarandus (locally known as caribou), [46] [47] was subdivided into five subspecies [note 2] by Banfield in 1961. [48] Caribou are classified by ecotype depending on several behavioural factors – predominant habitat use (northern, tundra, mountain, forest, boreal forest, forest-dwelling), spacing ...
In case of humans, the sentence "the human races all form part of one single subspecies", meaning that they are not as wide apart to be considered different subspecies, makes scientific sense, and so by implication, the termina "subspecies" and "race" mean something different.--2001:A60:159F:A401:58D9:7B9E:2E9E:966D 14:00, 28 August 2014 (UTC)
Genetic studies of traits and populations have been used to justify social inequalities associated with race, [7] despite the fact that patterns of human variation have been shown to be mostly clinal, [8] with human genetic code being approximately 99.6% – 99.9% identical between individuals and without clear boundaries between groups.
Stacking dolls provide a visual representation of subpersonalities.. A subpersonality is, in humanistic psychology, transpersonal psychology and ego psychology, a personality mode that activates (appears on a temporary basis) to allow a person to cope with certain types of psychosocial situations. [1]
Naming and classifying human surroundings likely began with the onset of language. Distinguishing poisonous plants from edible plants is integral to the survival of human communities. Medicinal plant illustrations show up in Egyptian wall paintings from c. 1500 BC , indicating that the uses of different species were understood and that a basic ...
Robert King Merton was an American sociologist who argued that the social structure of a society can encourage deviance to a large degree. Merton's theory borrows from Èmile Durkheim's theory of anomie, which argues that industrialization would fundamentally alter the function of society; ultimately, causing a breakdown of social ties, social norms, and the social order.