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A facsimile of the signature-and-seals page of The 1864 Geneva Convention, which established humane rules of war. The original document in single pages, 1864 [1]. The Geneva Conventions are international humanitarian laws consisting of four treaties and three additional protocols that establish international legal standards for humanitarian treatment in war.
Protocol I (also Additional Protocol I and AP I) [4] is a 1977 amendment protocol to the Geneva Conventions concerning the protection of civilian victims of international war, including "armed conflicts in which peoples are fighting against colonial domination, alien occupation or racist regimes". [5]
Conventions I–IV and Protocols I–II ratified as North Yemen. [4] [41] Conventions I–IV also ratified by South Yemen in 1977 prior to Yemeni unification. [42] Zambia: 1966 1995 1995 — — Zimbabwe: 1983 1992 1992 — — Totals Ratified 196 174 169 79 76 Signed only 0 3 3 20 N/A
Protocol II is a 1977 amendment protocol to the Geneva Conventions relating to the protection of victims of non-international armed conflicts. It defines certain international laws that strive to provide better protection for victims of internal armed conflicts that take place within the borders of a single country.
It opened for signature on 18 May 1977 in Geneva and entered into force on 5 October 1978. The Convention bans weather warfare, which is the use of weather modification techniques for the purposes of inducing damage or destruction. The Convention on Biological Diversity of 2010 would also ban some forms of weather modification or geoengineering ...
The Fourth Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War was adopted in 1949. In addition, there are three additional amendment protocols to the Geneva Convention: Protocol I (1977): Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed ...
Former UN official Mukesh Kapila writes on why it’s pretty much impossible to protect civilians in urban warfare, where there’s no clear frontline and fighters and non-combatants are intermingled.
Scorched earth against non-combatants has been banned under the 1977 Geneva Conventions. [a] It is prohibited to attack, destroy, remove, or render useless objects ...