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The control grid is an electrode used in amplifying thermionic valves (vacuum tubes) such as the triode, tetrode and pentode, used to control the flow of electrons from the cathode to the anode (plate) electrode. The control grid usually consists of a cylindrical screen or helix of fine wire surrounding the cathode, and is surrounded in turn by ...
The control grid of the variable-mu pentode is constructed so as to result in a given incremental change of control grid voltage having less effect on change of anode current as the control grid voltage increases negatively relative to the cathode. [7] The control grid often has the form of a helix of varying pitch. [8]
Electrons can flow in only one direction through the device: from the cathode to the anode (hence the name "valve", like a device permitting one-way flow of water). Adding one or more control grids within the tube, creating the triode, tetrode, etc., allows the current between the cathode and anode to be controlled by the voltage on the grids ...
English: Active indirect water heater. 1: Municipal water feed 2: Fluid from water storage tank to external (passive) heat source; passive heat source can be the ground (soil or groundwater), sun or air; eg via heat pump, or thermodynamic solar panel 3: Fluid from heat pump, or thermodynamic solar panel to water storage tank 4: Pump, actuator, controller and other parts 5: Water heater 6 ...
The terms anode and cathode are not defined by the voltage polarity of electrodes, but are usually defined by the direction of current through the electrode. An anode usually is the electrode of a device through which conventional current (positive charge) flows into the device from an external circuit, while a cathode usually is the electrode through which conventional current flows out of ...
When the electrons strike the shadow mask, they release their energy as heat and x-rays. If the electrons have too much energy due to an anode voltage that is too high for example, the shadow mask can warp due to the heat, which can also happen during the Lehr baking at ~435 °C of the frit seal between the faceplate and the funnel of the CRT.
There are two types of hot cathode. In a directly heated cathode, the filament is the cathode and emits the electrons. In an indirectly heated cathode, the filament or heater heats a separate metal cathode electrode which emits the electrons. From the 1920s to the 1960s, a wide variety of electronic devices used hot-cathode vacuum tubes.
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