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  2. Poikiloderma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poikiloderma

    Poikiloderma is a skin condition that consists of areas of hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, telangiectasias and atrophy. Poikiloderma of Civatte is most frequently seen on the chest or the neck, characterized by red colored pigment on the skin that is commonly associated with sun damage.

  3. Retinoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinoid

    The biology of retinoids is complex, having well-documented effectiveness in the management of conditions ranging from acute promyelocytic leukemia to acne to photoaging. [5] On the other hand, retinoids may be involved in metabolic dysfunction and, at least in some forms, carcinogenesis .

  4. Hyperpigmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperpigmentation

    Hyperpigmentation can be diffuse or focal, affecting such areas as the face and the back of the hands. Melanin is produced by melanocytes at the lower layer of the epidermis . Melanin is a class of pigment responsible for producing color in the body in places such as the eyes, skin, and hair.

  5. Phototoxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phototoxicity

    The test compares the cytotoxic effect of a test substance when tested after the exposure, then tested in the absence of exposure to a non-cytotoxic dose of UVA/vis light. Cytotoxicity is expressed as a concentration-dependent reduction of the uptake of the vital dye - Neutral Red .

  6. Melanism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanism

    They have a dominant gene that causes hyperpigmentation (Fibromelanosis), making the chicken entirely black; including feathers, beak, and internal organs. Melanism in feral rock doves are actually quite common,to some extent, especially if the area is abundant with the species. The amount of pigmentation is varied, from a slight darker ...

  7. Hemosiderin hyperpigmentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemosiderin_hyperpigmentation

    Hemosiderin hyperpigmentation is pigmentation due to deposits of hemosiderin, and occurs in purpura, haemochromatosis, hemorrhagic diseases, and stasis dermatitis.

  8. Tyrosinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase

    Tyrosinase family related genes plays an important role in the evolution, genetics, and developmental biology of pigment cells, as well as to approach human disorders associated with defects in their synthesis, regulation or function in vertebrates three types of melanin producing pigment cells are well known since embryonic origin i.e., from ...

  9. Freckle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freckle

    Freckles are clusters of concentrated melaninized cells which are most easily visible on people with a fair complexion.Freckles do not have an increased number of the melanin-producing cells, or melanocytes, but instead have melanocytes that overproduce melanin granules (melanosomes) changing the coloration of the outer skin cells (keratinocytes).