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Outbreaks of chikungunya, on average, have low mortality rates. [2] As it is generally a nonfatal disease, prevalence rates during most outbreaks are higher than incidence rates. [ 6 ] Recently, it was discovered that approximately 39% of the worldwide population resides in environments where the chikungunya virus is endemic. [ 7 ]
Global rates of chikungunya infection are variable, depending on outbreaks. When chikungunya was first identified in 1952, it had a low-level circulation in West Africa, with infection rates linked to rainfall. Beginning in the 1960s, periodic outbreaks were documented in Asia and Africa.
Because of the high mortality rate, EEE and WEE are regarded as two of the most serious mosquito-borne diseases in the United States. Symptoms range from mild flu-like illness to encephalitis, coma, and death. [9] Viruses carried by arthropods such as mosquitoes or ticks are known collectively as arboviruses. West Nile virus was accidentally ...
The 2013–2014 chikungunya outbreak represented the first recorded outbreak of the disease outside of tropical Africa and Asia. In December 2013, the first locally transmitted case of chikungunya in the Americas was detected in Saint Martin. Shortly after the first case the disease began to spread rapidly throughout the Caribbean region.
2017 dengue outbreak in Sri Lanka: 2017 Sri Lanka: Dengue fever: 440 [293] 2018 Nipah virus outbreak in Kerala: 2018 India Nipah virus infection: 17 [294] Kivu Ebola epidemic: 2018–2020 Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda: Ebola: 2,280 [295] [296] [297] 2018 NDM-CRE outbreak in Italy 2018–2019 Italy
Scabies (also sometimes known as the seven-year itch) is a contagious human skin infestation by the tiny (0.2–0.45 mm) mite Sarcoptes scabiei, variety hominis. The word is from Latin: scabere, lit. 'to scratch'. The most common symptoms are severe itchiness and a pimple -like rash. Occasionally, tiny burrows may appear on the skin. In a first-ever infection, the infected person usually ...
However it will be hard to classify exactly why the range shifts or an increase in infection rates occurs as there are many other factors to consider besides climate change, such as human migration, poverty, infrastructure quality, and land usage; but climate change is still potentially a key factor. [29]
Dengue was first serologically confirmed in the country in 1962. A Chikungunya outbreak followed in 1965. In the early 1970s two type of dengue dominated in Sri Lanka: DENV-1 type1 and DENV-2 type 2. A total of 51 cases and 15 deaths were reported in 1965–1968. From 1989 onward, dengue fever has become endemic in Sri Lanka. [4]
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