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Grapefruit–drug interactions that affect the pre-systemic metabolism (i.e., the metabolism that occurs before the drug enters the blood) of drugs have a different duration of action than interactions that work by other mechanisms, such as on absorption, discussed below.
Still, says Peterson, "most people won't have issues unless they eat large quantities of grapefruit, drink more than one liter per day of grapefruit juice, or consistently eat or drink grapefruit.
In pharmaceutical sciences, drug interactions occur when a drug's mechanism of action is affected by the concomitant administration of substances such as foods, beverages, or other drugs. A popular example of drug–food interaction is the effect of grapefruit on the metabolism of drugs .
Grapefruit and grapefruit juice have been found to interact with numerous drugs, in many cases resulting in adverse effects. [4] This happens in two ways: one is that grapefruit can block an enzyme which metabolizes medication, [5] and if the drug is not metabolized, then the level of the drug in the blood can become too high, leading to an adverse effect. [5]
"Heart attack, heart arrhythmia, stroke, death" [4] Dan Shen red sage, Chinese sage, tan shen Salvia miltiorrhiza: Potentiates warfarin activity, leading to excessive anticoagulation and bleeding [3] [13] Dong quai female ginseng Angelica sinensis: May induce uterine contractions; contraindicated when pregnant or nursing [14] European Mistletoe
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Grapefruit growing in the grape-like clusters from which their name may derive. The evergreen grapefruit trees usually grow to around 4.5–6 m (15–20 ft) tall, although they may reach 13.7 m (45 ft). [1] The leaves are up to 15 cm (6 in) long, thin, glossy, and dark green. They produce 5 cm (2 in) white flowers with four or five petals.
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