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Morally indifferent but naturally desirable things, such as health. Opposite of apoproêgmena. proficiens Latin for prokoptôn. pro(h)airesis προαίρεσις: free will, reasoned choice, giving or withholding assent to impressions. prokopê προκοπή: progress, on the path towards wisdom. prokoptôn προκόπτων: Stoic disciple.
Followers of Epicurus were the main opponents of Stoicism and apatheia. Instead of apatheia, they believed in a similar form of living which is ataraxia, a related concept in Epicureanism. Some Latin Stoic authors, such as Seneca used the term interchangeably with apatheia. In Epicureanism, ataraxia comes from freedom from pain and fear and ...
In the context of Stoicism adiaphora is usually translated as "indifference". [ citation needed ] Unlike in Stoicism and Cynicism, In Pyrrhonism adiaphora has no specific connection to morality, but indicates things that cannot be logically differentiated, [ 5 ] while Aristotle uses "adiaphora" to mean "undifferentiated by a logical ...
Stoicism considers all existence as cyclical, the cosmos as eternally self-creating and self-destroying (see also Eternal return). Stoicism does not posit a beginning or end to the Universe. [32] According to the Stoics, the logos was the active reason or anima mundi pervading and animating the entire Universe. It was conceived as material and ...
Suggestions of the Stoic virtues can be found in fragments in the Diogenes Laertius and Stobaeus. The Platonist view of the four cardinal virtues is described in Definitions. Practical wisdom or prudence (phrónēsis) is the perspicacity necessary to conduct personal business and affairs of state. It encompasses the skill to distinguish the ...
Detachment as release from desire and consequently from suffering is an important principle, or even ideal, in Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Stoicism, Taoism, and Baháʼí Faith. In Buddhist and Hindu religious texts the opposite concept is expressed as upādāna, translated as "attachment". Attachment—that is, the inability to practice or ...
Epicureanism was originally a challenge to Platonism, and its main opponent later became Stoicism. It is a form of hedonism insofar as it declares pleasure to be its sole intrinsic goal. However, the concept that the absence of pain and fear constitutes the greatest pleasure, and its advocacy of a simple life, make it very different from ...
Also called humanocentrism. The practice, conscious or otherwise, of regarding the existence and concerns of human beings as the central fact of the universe. This is similar, but not identical, to the practice of relating all that happens in the universe to the human experience. To clarify, the first position concludes that the fact of human existence is the point of universal existence; the ...