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Sangley (English plural: Sangleys; Spanish plural: Sangleyes) and Mestizo de Sangley (Sangley mestizo, mestisong Sangley, chino mestizo or Chinese mestizo) are archaic terms used in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era to describe respectively a person of pure overseas Chinese ancestry and a person of mixed Chinese and native Filipino ancestry. [1]
Chinese mestizo men and women were encouraged to marry Spanish and indigenous women and men, [citation needed] by means of dowries, [citation needed] as part of a colonial policy to mix the different ethno-racial groups of the Philippines so as it would be impossible to expel the Spanish. [117]
Spanish father and Albina mother, torna atrás child.Miguel Cabrera, 1763 Mexico. Torna atrás (Spanish pronunciation: [toɾnaˈtɾas]) or tornatrás is a term used in 18th century Casta paintings to portray a mestizo or mixed-race person who showed phenotypic characteristics of only one of the "original races", such as European or Amerindian ancestry. [1]
The Sino-Spanish conflicts were a series of conflicts between the Spanish authorities of the Spanish Empire and its Sangley Chinese residents in Spanish Philippines between the 16th and 18th centuries, which led to the Chinese assassinations of two Spanish governor generals, assassination of Spanish constables, Spain permanently losing Maluku under threat of Chinese attack, and massacres of ...
According to one source, the number of mix raced children born was 180,000. Half of that number was in Lima alone, with the ratio between Chinese mestizo and the full-blooded Chinese at 90,000 to 15,000 (6:1). [31] The recent census only estimates 14,307 Peruvians of Chinese descent (2017). [1]
Chinese Filipino mestizos (Mestizos de Sangley y Chino) Tipos del País Watercolor, c. 1841 Illustration of a Filipino mestizo , c. 1841 Exhibition: The Asuncion Legacy, Ayala Museum, August 8, 2017 to January 14, 2018
A Criollo Filipina woman in the 1890s. The history of the Spanish Philippines covers the period from 1521 to 1898, beginning with the arrival in 1521 of the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan sailing for Spain, which heralded the period when the Philippines was an overseas province of Spain, and ends with the outbreak of the Spanish–American War in 1898.
Francisco Blancas de San José made a significant print contribution with "Arte y reglas de la lengua tagala," a grammar book in the native language of the Philippines. Published in Bataan in 1610, this work, printed on papel de China (rice paper), was considered authoritative by missionaries, aiding in the dissemination of the Catholic faith.