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Fragment of the accounts relating to the realization of the statue of Athena Parthenos, IG I 3 458, Museum of the Acropolis of Athens.. According to Pausanias and Plutarch [N 5], the statue is not by Phidias alone but of a team of craftsmen representing several trades, Phidias supervising all the decoration work of the Parthenon.
Part of the Parthenon's eastern frieze. The ancient Greek temples were often enhanced with mythological decorations from the columns to the roof. The architectural functions of the temple mainly concentrated on the cella with the cult statue. The architectural elaboration served to stress the dignity of the cella.These statues of the god or ...
The Parthenon had 46 outer columns and 23 inner columns in total, each column having 20 flutes. (A flute is the concave shaft carved into the column form.) The roof was covered with large overlapping marble tiles known as imbrices and tegulae. [66] [67] The Parthenon is regarded as the finest example of Greek architecture.
A smattering of ancient 6 th century B.C. Greek graffiti reveals that a different temple likely existed where the Parthenon now sits.. Clues from drawings made by a shepherd show there was likely ...
In Classical architecture, a cella (from Latin 'small chamber') or naos (from Ancient Greek ναός (nāós) 'temple') is the inner chamber of an ancient Greek or Roman temple. Its enclosure within walls has given rise to extended meanings, of a hermit's or monk's cell , and since the 17th century, of a biological cell in plants or animals.
The pediments of the Parthenon included many statues. The one to the west had a little more than the one to the east. [8] In the description of the Acropolis of Athens by Pausanias, a sentence informs about the chosen themes: the quarrel between Athena and Poseidon for Attica in the west and the birth of Athena in the east.
F Robert [7] proposed that it was a place devoted to the celebration of Heroes in the Asklepeion during ta Heroa, [8] which witnessed sacrifices to the chthonic gods and heroes, as testified epigraphically. The Ionian stoa, west of the temple, is also dated to the last quarter of the 5th century. [9]
The Parthenon's west pediment depicted the contest between Athena and Poseidon over Attica and the east pediment the birth of Athena. [15] Classical archeologists since Johann Joachim Winckelmann's Geschichte der Kunst des Alterthums (published 1764) have recognized Greek pediment sculpture, in particular the pediments of the Parthenon, as the standard of the highest-quality art in antiquity. [16]