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Adie syndrome, also known as Holmes–Adie syndrome, is a neurological disorder characterized by a tonically dilated pupil that reacts slowly to light but shows a more definite response to accommodation (i.e., light-near dissociation). [1] It is frequently seen in females with absent knee or ankle jerks and impaired sweating.
Adie and his colleague James Collier wrote the neurology chapter in Price's Textbook of the Practice of Medicine which is considered to be the first account of neurology in a general textbook. [ 6 ] Adie also published articles on pupillary abnormalities, [ 7 ] "forced grasping and groping" in frontal lobe disorders, [ 8 ] and narcolepsy.
The Marcus Gunn pupil is a relative afferent pupillary defect indicating a decreased pupillary response to light in the affected eye. [3] In the swinging flashlight test, a light is alternately shone into the left and right eyes. A normal response would be equal constriction of both pupils, regardless of which eye the light is directed at.
Adie syndrome [4] is tonic pupil plus absent deep tendon reflexes. Adie syndrome is a fairly common, benign, idiopathic neuropathy that selectively affects the ciliary ganglion and the spinal cord neurons involved in deep tendon reflex arcs. It usually develops in middle age, although it can occur in children. A variant of Adie syndrome, Ross ...
Adie's tonic pupil is usually associated with a benign peripheral neuropathy (Adie syndrome), not with syphilis. [ 6 ] When penicillin became widely available in the 1940s, the prevalence of AR pupils (which develop only after decades of untreated infection) decreased dramatically.
However, if the eyes are asymmetrically affected, i.e. one eye's optic nerve is more damaged than the other, it will produce an important sign called an afferent pupillary defect. [citation needed] Defective light perception in one eye causes an asymmetrical pupillary constriction reflex called the afferent pupillary defect (APD). [citation needed]
Ross' syndrome consists of Adie's syndrome (myotonic pupils and absent deep tendon reflexes) plus segmental anhidrosis (typically associated with compensatory hyperhidrosis). [ 1 ] It was characterized in 1958 [ 2 ] [ 3 ] by A.T. Ross. [ 4 ]
Gordon Morgan Holmes' father was a successful farmer at Dellin House, Castlebellingham, County Louth, about 40 miles north of Dublin.The early death of his mother, Kathleen (née Morgan), and his father's remarriage, deeply affected Holmes, and although he had three brothers and three sisters, he was a solitary child.