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Alternative transliteration schemes tend to use the two letter combination 'ae' for the same purpose. In those schemes, the corresponding longer vowel is represented with the letter combination 'ei', whereas in sumihiri , it is 'zz' which follows the rule of duplicating the letter to get the longer vowel.
Mirza Abul Fazl, 1911, The Qur'an, Arabic Text and English Translation Arranged Chronologically with an Abstract, Allahabad. Hairat Dehlawi, 1912, The Koran Prepared, Delhi. Maulana Muhammad Ali, 1917 The Holy Qur'an: Text. [63] (ISBN 0-913321-11-7). Al-Hajj Hafiz Ghulam Sarwar, 1929, Translation of the Holy Qur'an, Singapore and Woking, England.
Sinhala had its numerals (Sinhala illakkam), which were used from prior to the fall of Kandyan Kingdom in 1815. They can be seen primarily in Royal documents and artefacts. Sinhala Illakkam did not have a zero, but did have signs for 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 1000. This system has been replaced by the Hindu–Arabic numeral system.
The Qur'an has been translated into most major African, Asian and European languages from Arabic. [1] Studies involving understanding, interpreting and translating the Quran can contain individual tendencies, reflections and even distortions [2] [3] caused by the region, sect, [4] education, religious ideology [5] and knowledge of the people who made them.
The first Sinhalese translation of the Tirukkural was made by Govokgada Misihamy, [2] with the assistance of S. Thambaiah, in 1961 under the title Thiruvalluvar's Kural, who considered his translation an 'adaptation' rather than a translation for he believed that no translation of any classic into a foreign language can do justice to the original.
ISO 15919 (Transliteration of Devanagari and related Indic scripts into Latin characters) is an international standard for the romanization of Brahmic and Nastaliq scripts. Published in 2001, it is part of a series of international standards by the International Organization for Standardization .
The inherent vowel is always transliterated as 'a' in the formal ISO 15919 transliteration. In the simplified transliteration, 'a' is also normally used except in the Bengali, Assamese, and Odia languages, where 'o'/'ô' is used. See Romanization of Bengali for the transliteration scheme set for Bengali on Wikipedia.
The following table compares the number of languages which the following machine translation programs can translate between. (Moses and Moses for Mere Mortals allow you to train translation models for any language pair, though collections of translated texts (parallel corpus) need to be provided by the user.