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A Uniform Resource Identifier helps identify a source without ambiguity. Many URI schemes are registered with the IANA ; however, there exist many unofficial URI schemes as well. Mobile deep links are one example of a class of unofficial URI schemes that allow for linking directly to a specific location in a mobile app.
Absolute URLs are URLs that start with a scheme [5] (e.g., http:, https:, telnet:, mailto:) [6] and conform to scheme-specific syntax and semantics. For example, the HTTP scheme-specific syntax and semantics for HTTP URLs requires a "host" (web server address) and "absolute path", with optional components of "port" and "query".
Well-known URIs are Uniform Resource Identifiers defined by the IETF in RFC 8615. [1] They are URL path prefixes that start with /.well-known/.This implementation is in response to the common expectation for web-based protocols to require certain services or information be available at URLs consistent across servers, regardless of the way URL paths are organized on a particular host.
An Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a form of URL that includes Unicode characters. All modern browsers support IRIs. The parts of the URL requiring special treatment for different alphabets are the domain name and path. [18] [19] The domain name in the IRI is known as an Internationalized Domain Name (IDN).
file://path (i.e. two slashes, without a hostname) is never correct, but is often used. Further slashes in path separate directory names in a hierarchical system of directories and subdirectories. In this usage, the slash is a general, system-independent way of separating the parts, and in a particular host system it might be used as such in ...
The following normalizations are described in RFC 3986 [1] to result in equivalent URIs: . Converting percent-encoded triplets to uppercase. The hexadecimal digits within a percent-encoding triplet of the URI (e.g., %3a versus %3A) are case-insensitive and therefore should be normalized to use uppercase letters for the digits A-F. [2] Example:
Therefore, URLs are a subset of URIs, ie. every URL is a URI (and not necessarily the other way around). [2] Other URIs provide only a unique name, without a means of locating or retrieving the resource or information about it; these are Uniform Resource Names (URNs). The web technologies that use URIs are not limited to web browsers.
The data URI scheme is a uniform resource identifier (URI) scheme that provides a way to include data in-line in Web pages as if they were external resources. It is a form of file literal or here document.