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The Book of Caverns is one of the best sources of information about the Egyptian concept of hell. [2] The Book of Caverns originated in the 13th century BC in the Ramesside Period. [3] The earliest known version of this work is on the left hand wall of the Osireion in Abydos. [1] Later it appears in the tomb of Ramesses IV in the Valley of the ...
The Amduat [pronunciation?] (Ancient Egyptian: jmj dwꜣt, literally "That Which Is In the Afterworld", also translated as "Text of the Hidden Chamber Which is in the Underworld" and "Book of What is in the Underworld"; Arabic: كتاب الآخرة, romanized: Kitab al-Akhira) [1] is an important ancient Egyptian funerary text of the New Kingdom of Egypt.
The savants accompanying Napoleon's campaign in Egypt surveyed the Valley of the Kings and designated KV2 as "IIe Tombeau" ("2nd Tomb") in their list. [10] Other visitors of note included James Burton , who mapped the tomb in 1825, and the Franco-Tuscan Expedition of 1828–1829, who conducted an epigraphic survey of the tomb's inscriptions.
The first seven caverns contained groups of three mummiform and three anthropomorphic deities, two male and one female in each triad. From the 8th to the 20th cavern, one would find divinities in variable numbers: in the 8th, for example, there were seven groups along with individual divinities, and at least twenty of them in the 9th. [ 4 ]
The Egyptian Book of the dead : the Book of going forth by day : being the Papyrus of Ani (royal scribe of the divine offerings), written and illustrated circa 1250 B.C.E., by scribes and artists unknown, including the balance of chapters of the books of the dead known as the theban recension, compiled from ancient texts, dating back to the ...
The khepresh (ḫprš) was an ancient Egyptian royal headdress.It is also known as the blue crown or war crown.New Kingdom pharaohs are often depicted wearing it in battle, but it was also frequently worn in ceremonies. [1]
On both sides are images of Ramesses VI before Ra-Horakhty and Osiris.The scenes originally depicted Ramesses V but were usurped. On the south wall of the corridor begin the scenes from a complete version of the Book of Gates, while the north wall is decorated with an almost complete exemplar of the Book of Caverns. [4]
Aker protects the sun god during his nocturnal travelling through the underworld caverns. [2] In the famous Book of the Dead , Aker also "gives birth" to the god Khepri , the young, rising sun in the shape of a scarab beetle , after Aker has carried Khepri's sarcophagus safely through the underworld caverns.