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Logic is the study of proof and deduction as manifested in language (abstracting from any underlying psychological or biological processes). [1] Logic is not a closed, completed science, and presumably, it will never stop developing: the logical analysis can penetrate into varying depths of the language [2] (sentences regarded as atomic, or splitting them to predicates applied to individual ...
An intensional definition may also consist of rules or sets of axioms that define a set by describing a procedure for generating all of its members. For example, an intensional definition of square number can be "any number that can be expressed as some integer multiplied by itself". The rule—"take an integer and multiply it by itself ...
In philosophical logic, the masked-man fallacy (also known as the intensional fallacy or epistemic fallacy) [1] is committed when one makes an illicit use of Leibniz's law in an argument. Leibniz's law states that if A and B are the same object, then A and B are indiscernible (that is, they have all the same properties).
Transparent intensional logic (frequently abbreviated as TIL) is a logical system created by Pavel Tichý. Due to its rich procedural semantics TIL is in particular apt for the logical analysis of natural language. From the formal point of view, TIL is a hyperintensional, partial, typed lambda calculus.
A language is intensional if it contains intensional statements, and extensional otherwise. All natural languages are intensional. [ 4 ] The only extensional languages are artificially constructed languages used in mathematical logic or for other special purposes and small fragments of natural languages.
Jacobus Naveros-- Jayanta Bhatta-- Jingle-jangle fallacies-- John Corcoran (logician)-- John W. Dawson, Jr-- Journal of Applied Non-Classical Logics-- Journal of Automated Reasoning-- Journal of Logic, Language and Information-- Journal of Logic and Computation-- Journal of Mathematical Logic-- Journal of Philosophical Logic-- Journal of ...
For example, the logical connective called implication corresponds to the type of a function (). This correspondence is called the Curry–Howard isomorphism . Prior type theories had also followed this isomorphism, but Martin-Löf's was the first to extend it to predicate logic by introducing dependent types.
In pragmatics, scalar implicature, or quantity implicature, [1] is an implicature that attributes an implicit meaning beyond the explicit or literal meaning of an utterance, and which suggests that the utterer had a reason for not using a more informative or stronger term on the same scale.