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For example, \11 is an octal escape sequence denoting a byte with decimal value 9 (11 in octal). However, \1111 is the octal escape sequence \111 followed by the digit 1 . In order to denote the byte with numerical value 1, followed by the digit 1 , one could use "\1""1" , since C concatenates adjacent string literals.
In C and many derivative programming languages, a string escape sequence is a series of two or more characters, starting with a backslash \. [3]Note that in C a backslash immediately followed by a newline does not constitute an escape sequence, but splices physical source lines into logical ones in the second translation phase, whereas string escape sequences are converted in the fifth ...
To convert integer decimals to octal, divide the original number by the largest possible power of 8 and divide the remainders by successively smaller powers of 8 until the power is 1. The octal representation is formed by the quotients, written in the order generated by the algorithm. For example, to convert 125 10 to octal: 125 = 8 2 × 1 + 61
ASCII reserves the first 32 code points (numbers 0–31 decimal) and the last one (number 127 decimal) for control characters. These are codes intended to control peripheral devices (such as printers ), or to provide meta-information about data streams, such as those stored on magnetic tape.
Octal Description # ASCII Punctuation & Symbols: U+0020 32 040 Space: 0001 U+0021 ! 33 041 Exclamation mark: 0002 U+0022 " 34 042 Quotation mark: 0003 U+0023 # 35 043 Number sign, Hash, Octothorpe, Sharp: 0004 U+0024 $ 36 044 Dollar sign: 0005 U+0025 % 37 045 Percent sign: 0006 U+0026 & 38 046 Ampersand: 0007 U+0027 ' 39 047 Apostrophe: 0008 U+ ...
If the terminating character is a letter, the letter is the keycode value, and the optional number is the modifier value. The modifier value defaults to 1, and after subtracting 1 is a bitmap of modifier keys being pressed: Meta+Ctrl+Alt+⇧ Shift. So, for example, <esc>[4;2~ is ⇧ Shift+End, <esc>[20~ is function key F9, <esc>[5C is Ctrl+→.
In 1973, ECMA-35 and ISO 2022 [18] attempted to define a method so an 8-bit "extended ASCII" code could be converted to a corresponding 7-bit code, and vice versa. [19] In a 7-bit environment, the Shift Out would change the meaning of the 96 bytes 0x20 through 0x7F [a] [21] (i.e. all but the C0 control codes), to be the characters that an 8-bit environment would print if it used the same code ...
In C and C++, a leading zero indicates an octal value, e.g. 0755. This was primarily intended to be used with Unix modes; however, it has been criticized because normal integers may also lead with zero. [19] As such, Python, Ruby, Haskell, and OCaml prefix octal values with 0O or 0o, following the layout used by hexadecimal values.