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A fecal impaction or an impacted bowel is a solid, immobile bulk of feces that can develop in the rectum as a result of chronic constipation [1] (a related term is fecal loading which refers to a large volume of stool in the rectum of any consistency). [2]
Symptoms include abdominal pain which may come and go, vomiting, abdominal bloating, and bloody stool. [1] It often results in a small bowel obstruction. [1] Other complications may include peritonitis or bowel perforation. [1] The cause in children is typically unknown; in adults a lead point is sometimes present. [1]
A fecalith is a stone made of feces.It is a hardening of feces into lumps of varying size and may occur anywhere in the intestinal tract but is typically found in the colon.
Complications from constipation may include hemorrhoids, anal fissure or fecal impaction. [4] The normal frequency of bowel movements in adults is between three per day and three per week. [4] Babies often have three to four bowel movements per day while young children typically have two to three per day. [8] Constipation has many causes. [4]
Fecal incontinence to gas, liquid, solid stool, or mucus in the presence of obstructed defecation symptoms may indicate occult rectal prolapse (i.e., rectal intussusception), internal/external anal sphincter dysfunction, or descending perineum syndrome. [7] ODS often occurs together with fecal incontinence, especially in geriatric people. [39]
Women over 50 are six times more likely to develop rectal prolapse than men. It is rare in men over 45 and in women under 20. [21] When males are affected, they tend to be young and report significant bowel function symptoms, especially obstructed defecation, [5] or have a predisposing disorder (e.g., congenital anal atresia). [10]
Bowel cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer in the UK
The signs and symptoms are variable, and in up to 25% of patients there may be no symptoms. [3] The most common signs and symptoms are bleeding, which can vary from minor to severe, rectal prolapse and incomplete evacuation (35%-76% of cases). [4]