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2. Discrete calculus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_calculus

   Discrete calculus is used for modeling either directly or indirectly as a discretization of infinitesimal calculus in every branch of the physical sciences, actuarial science, computer science, statistics, engineering, economics, business, medicine, demography, and in other fields wherever a problem can be mathematically modeled. It allows one ...

3. Discrete mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_mathematics

   Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that can be considered "discrete" (in a way analogous to discrete variables, having a bijection with the set of natural numbers) rather than "continuous" (analogously to continuous functions).

4. List of unsolved problems in mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_unsolved_problems...

   Many mathematical problems have been stated but not yet solved. These problems come from many areas of mathematics, such as theoretical physics, computer science, algebra, analysis, combinatorics, algebraic, differential, discrete and Euclidean geometries, graph theory, group theory, model theory, number theory, set theory, Ramsey theory, dynamical systems, and partial differential equations.

5. NP-intermediate - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-intermediate

   In computational complexity, problems that are in the complexity class NP but are neither in the class P nor NP-complete are called NP-intermediate, and the class of such problems is called NPI. Ladner's theorem , shown in 1975 by Richard E. Ladner , [ 1 ] is a result asserting that, if P ≠ NP , then NPI is not empty; that is, NP contains ...

6. Calculus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculus

   In mathematics education, calculus is an abbreviation of both infinitesimal calculus and integral calculus, which denotes courses of elementary mathematical analysis.. In Latin, the word calculus means “small pebble”, (the diminutive of calx, meaning "stone"), a meaning which still persists in medicine.

7. 10 Hard Math Problems That Even the Smartest People in the ...

   www.aol.com/10-hard-math-problems-even-150000090...

   When we recently wrote about the toughest math problems that have been solved, we mentioned one of the greatest achievements in 20th-century math: the solution to Fermat’s Last Theorem. Sir ...

8. Outline of discrete mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/.../Outline_of_discrete_mathematics

   Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous.In contrast to real numbers that have the property of varying "smoothly", the objects studied in discrete mathematics – such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic [1] – do not vary smoothly in this way, but have distinct, separated values. [2]

9. Discrete exterior calculus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrete_exterior_calculus

   In mathematics, the discrete exterior calculus (DEC) is the extension of the exterior calculus to discrete spaces including graphs, finite element meshes, and lately also general polygonal meshes [1] (non-flat and non-convex). DEC methods have proved to be very powerful in improving and analyzing finite element methods: for instance, DEC-based ...