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Ergocalciferol, also known as vitamin D 2 and nonspecifically calciferol, is a type of vitamin D found in food. It is used as a dietary supplement [3] to prevent and treat vitamin D deficiency [4] due to poor absorption by the intestines or liver disease. [5]
Once made, the product is released into the blood where it is bound to vitamin D-binding protein. [ 201 ] Calcifediol is transported to the proximal tubules of the kidneys, where it is hydroxylated at the 1-α position (lower right of the molecule) to form calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, also referred to as 1,25(OH) 2 D). [ 1 ]
Mapping of several bone diseases onto levels of vitamin D (calcidiol) in the blood [6] Normal bone vs. osteoporosis. Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body.
In 1971, Barry Pressman and Henry Burdick launched Nature Made, inspired by the belief that “there was a better alternative to long term health than prescription drugs.” [1] [2] The company joined the Council for Responsible Nutrition (CRN) in 1981. [2] Nature Made began operating as a brand of Pharmavite as of this date.
The LD 50 is 16.8 mg/kg, but only 9.8 mg/kg if calcium carbonate is added to the bait. [ 51 ] [ 52 ] Kidneys and heart are target organs. [ 53 ] LD 50 of 4.4 mg/kg has been reported in rabbits, with lethality to almost all rabbits ingesting doses greater than 15 mg/kg. [ 54 ]
Calcitriol is a hormone and the active form of vitamin D, normally made in the kidney. [8] [9] [10] It is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol.It binds to and activates the vitamin D receptor in the nucleus of the cell, which then increases the expression of many genes. [11]
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