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Palo Duro Canyon is a canyon system of the Caprock Escarpment located in the Texas Panhandle near the cities of Amarillo and Canyon. [2] A large canyon system in the south-central United States, it is roughly 25–40 mi (40–64 km) long and has an average width of 6 mi (9.7 km), but reaches a width of 20 mi (32 km) at places.
The Battle of Palo Duro Canyon was a military confrontation and a significant United States victory during the Red River War. [2] [3] The battle occurred on September 28, 1874, when several U.S. Army companies under Ranald S. Mackenzie attacked a large encampment of Plains Indians in Palo Duro Canyon in the Texas Panhandle.
The JA Ranch is a historic cattle ranch in the Palo Duro Canyon in Armstrong County, Texas.Founded in 1876 by Charles Goodnight and John George Adair, [2] it is the oldest cattle ranching operation in the Texas Panhandle.
The escarpment's features formed by erosion from rivers and streams, creating arroyos and highly diverse terrain, including the large Palo Duro Canyon southeast of Amarillo, Texas. [1] One will notice the change in elevation of several hundred feet while crossing the Caprock Escarpment on Interstate 40 between Adrian, Texas and San Jon, New Mexico.
The Compromise of 1850 removed territory north of this line from Texas, and set the border between the Texas Panhandle and the New Mexico Territory at the 103rd meridian west. The eastern border at the 100th meridian west was inherited from the Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, which defined the border between the United States and New Spain .
The canyon is now about 800 feet (240 meters) deep and about 20 miles (30 kilometers) across, making it the second largest canyon in the United States behind Arizona’s Grand Canyon. Comprised of sedimentary rock layers, the oldest exposed rocks in Palo Duro were deposited more than 250 million years ago, during the Permian Period.
The formation crops out along Palo Duro Canyon and the Canadian River and their tributaries. [1] It is also widespread in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. [4] The formation is interpreted as deposition in a braided stream system. [5] The lower beds at Palo Duro Canyon contain unusual cone-shaped iron concretions that likely formed in the vadose ...
This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Armstrong County, Texas. The locations of National Register properties and districts (at least for all showing latitude and longitude coordinates below) may be seen in a map by clicking on "Map of all coordinates". [1]
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