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The Stokes mortar was a simple weapon, consisting of a smoothbore metal tube fixed to a base plate (to absorb recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount. When a mortar bomb was dropped into the tube, an impact sensitive primer in the base of the bomb would make contact with a firing pin at the base of the tube, and ignite the propellant charge in the base, launching the bomb towards the target.
The 81 mm mortar shells used an adapter collar to allow 60 mm mortar shell fuzes to fit. Originally packed in wooden crates, the late war shells (1944–1945) were packed in metal M140 canisters. The M140 canister carried live shells in a four-chambered internal divider, had a horsehair pad in the inside of the lid to cushion the fuzes, and had ...
It was not until the Stokes mortar was devised by Sir Wilfred Stokes in 1915 during the First World War that the modern mortar transportable by one person was born. In the conditions of trench warfare , there was a great need for a versatile and easily portable weapon that could be manned by troops under cover in the trenches.
The 4.2 in (110 mm) mortar was a smooth-bore weapon of the Stokes pattern and was designed by the Armaments Research and Development Establishment and produced by the Royal Ordnance Factories. [5] It entered widespread British service in 1942, equipping chemical warfare companies of the Royal Engineers (RE). The Mark 3 became the standard model.
Between 1915 and 1918 Stokes worked for the Inventions Branch of the Ministry of Munitions where he invented the Stokes Mortar. [2] The trench mortar was first used in 1915 during the Battle of Loos to fire a smoke shell. At first it was not liked but as the construction was improved it was widely used and eventually produced in two sizes.
D5 3-inch Stokes trench mortar, Mk. 1 (Stokes Mortar) Archived 2008-04-09 at the Wayback Machine; D6 Mortar, trench, 6" - Parts and equipment (Newton 6 inch Mortar) D7 Mount, truck, antiaircraft, M1917, for 75mm gun, M1916 - Parts and equipment (75 mm gun M1916) US 75mm Gun M1916 AA on White 2.5 ton Truck Mount
This list catalogues mortars which are issued to infantry units to provide close range, rapid response, indirect fire capability of an infantry unit in tactical combat. [1] In this sense the mortar has been called "infantryman's artillery", and represents a flexible logistic solution [clarification needed] to the problem of satisfying unexpected need for delivery of firepower, particularly for ...
Mk. II vaned HE bomb of Brandt's type for 3-inch Stokes mortar. In 1915, about the same time when English civil engineer Wilfred Stokes turned to developing trench mortars for the troops, French applied artist, silversmith and ironsmith Edgar Brandt did the same while serving in the French Army.