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Failed back syndrome (abbreviated as FBS) is a condition characterized by chronic pain following back surgeries. [1] [2] The term "post-laminectomy syndrome" is sometimes used by doctors to indicate the same condition as failed back syndrome. [3]
A pre-operative image of a 22-year-old male with a very extreme case of Scheuermann's disease. Scheuermann's disease is a skeletal disorder. [3] It describes a condition where the vertebrae grow unevenly with respect to the sagittal plane; that is, the posterior angle is often greater than the anterior.
Bertolotti's syndrome is characterized by sacralization of the lowest lumbar vertebral body and lumbarization of the uppermost sacral segment. It involves a total or partial unilateral or bilateral fusion of the transverse process of the lowest lumbar vertebra to the sacrum, leading to the formation of a transitional 5th lumbar vertebra.
Spinal fusion, also called spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgery performed by orthopaedic surgeons or neurosurgeons that joins two or more vertebrae. [1] This procedure can be performed at any level in the spine (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, or sacral) and prevents any movement between the fused vertebrae.
The symptoms of low back pain usually improve within a few weeks from the time they start, with 40–90% of people recovered by six weeks. [2] In most episodes of low back pain a specific underlying cause is not identified or even looked for, with the pain believed to be due to mechanical problems such as muscle or joint strain.
Formation of the sacrum/lower back and corresponding nervous system is usually nearing completion by the 4th week of development. Due to abnormal gastrulation, the mesoderm migration is disturbed. This disturbance results in symptoms varying from minor lesions of the lower vertebrae to more severe symptoms such as complete fusion of the lower ...
Spinal stenosis involves narrowing of the spinal canal and typically presents in patients greater than 60 years of age. Neurogenic claudication can occur in cases of severe lumbar spinal stenosis and presents with symptoms of pain in the lower back, buttock or leg that is worsened by standing and relieved by sitting.
Lower-back CT scans and MRIs can typically be used to visualize the cause of the disease. [5] Further identification of the cause can be done by histochemical or cellular analysis of muscle biopsy. Spinal-muscle biopsy showing intense endomysial deposit of fibrosis (green) and fatty infiltration. Also observable is irregular distribution of ...
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