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The Nabataeans were an Arab tribe who had come under significant Babylonian-Aramaean influence. [9] The first mention of the Nabataeans dates from 312/311 BC, when they were attacked at Sela or perhaps at Petra without success by Antigonus I's officer Athenaeus in the course of the Third War of the Diadochi; at that time Hieronymus of Cardia, a Seleucid officer, mentions the Nabataeans in a ...
The Nabataeans were distinguished from the other Arab tribes by wealth. [7] The Nabataeans generated revenues from the trade caravans that transported frankincense, myrrh and other spices from Eudaemon in today's Yemen, across the Arabian Peninsula, passing through Petra and ending up in the Port of Gaza for shipment to European markets. [8]
The Nabataean religion was a form of Arab polytheism practiced in Nabataea, an ancient Arab nation which was well settled by the third century BCE and lasted until the Roman annexation in 106 CE. [1] The Nabateans were polytheistic and worshipped a wide variety of local gods as well as Baalshamin , Isis , and Greco-Roman gods such as Tyche and ...
Hellenistic/Roman: Nabataeans migrate to the Negev Highlands. Byzantine/Early Islamic: Christian settlement wave and Arab expansion. One of the three additional clusters of Christian settlements were the Nabatean desert towns. [166] Most of these evolved into large agricultural villages with many smaller farms and villages around them. [167]
The Nabataeans worshipped primarily northern Arabian deities. Under foreign influences, they also incorporated foreign deities and elements into their beliefs. The Nabataeans' chief-god is Dushara. In Petra, the only major goddess is Al-‘Uzzá, assuming the traits of Isis, Tyche and Aphrodite. It is unknown if her worship and identity is ...
The Nabataeans paid great attention to their tombs, this was reflected in their architecture, in which a lot of architectural and artistic methods of respecting the dead were developed, which suggests the Nabataeans' interest in the afterlife. Of the most famous Nabatean monuments are the carved royal tombs.
Roman beliefs about an afterlife varied, and are known mostly for the educated elite who expressed their views in terms of their chosen philosophy. The traditional care of the dead, however, and the perpetuation after death of their status in life were part of the most archaic practices of Roman religion.
There are theories of an origin in the Indian Vedic religion, [2] the Zoroastrianism and the Greco-Roman Religion like Orion. [3] There are broad practices that these religions often hold in common: Purification and cleansing rituals; Sacrifices (plant and animal sacrifice, libations, rarely, but prominently in mythology, human sacrifice)