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In rhinos, the horn is not attached to bone, but grows from the surface of a dense skin tissue, anchoring itself by creating bone irregularities and rugosities. [29] The outermost layer cornifies. [30] As the layers age, the horn loses diameter by degradation of the keratin due to ultraviolet light, drying out, and continual wearing. [31]
A rhinoceros (/ r aɪ ˈ n ɒ s ər ə s / ry-NOSS-ə-rəss; from Ancient Greek ῥινόκερως (rhinókerōs) 'nose-horned'; from ῥίς (rhis) 'nose' and κέρας (kéras) 'horn'; [1] pl.: rhinoceros or rhinoceroses), commonly abbreviated to rhino, is a member of any of the five extant species (or numerous extinct species) of odd-toed ungulates (perissodactyls) in the family ...
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The genus name Rhinoceros is a combination of the ancient Greek words ῥίς (ris) meaning 'nose' and κέρας (keras) meaning 'horn of an animal'. [13] [14] sondaicus is derived from sunda, the biogeographical region that comprises the islands of Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and surrounding smaller islands.
Iranotherium ("Beast of Iran") is an extinct genus of large elasmotheriine rhinocerotids, comparable in size to a modern white rhino.It is known from the Late Miocene of Maragha, Iran and the middle part of the Liushu formation of northwestern China.
Each has a horn on the head and another horn pointing forward from the center of the thorax. The horns are used in fighting other males during mating season, and for digging. The size of the horn is a good indicator of nutrition and physical health. [5] The body of an adult rhinoceros beetle is covered by a thick exoskeleton. A pair of thick ...
The front horn is larger than the other horn and averages 60 cm (24 in) in length and can reach 166 cm (65 in) in females. [9] [7] Females usually have longer but thinner horns than the males, who have larger but shorter ones. The southern white rhinoceros also has a prominent muscular hump that supports its large head.
The genus contains two species, the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) and the Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros sondaicus). Although both members are threatened, the Javan rhinoceros is one of the most endangered large mammals in the world with only 60 individuals surviving in Java . The word 'rhinoceros' is of Greek origin meaning "nose-horn".